9129767 PY4MY9R2 1 apa 50 date desc year Goericke 18 https://rgoericke.scrippsprofiles.ucsd.edu/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3Afalse%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A50%2C%22request_next%22%3A50%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%22Y8FLUIJC%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Thompson%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024-02-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EThompson%2C%20A.%20R.%2C%20Swalethorp%2C%20R.%2C%20Alksne%2C%20M.%2C%20Santora%2C%20J.%20A.%2C%20Hazen%2C%20E.%20L.%2C%20Leising%2C%20A.%2C%20Satterthwaite%2C%20E.%2C%20Sydeman%2C%20W.%20J.%2C%20Anderson%2C%20C.%20R.%2C%20Auth%2C%20T.%20D.%2C%20Baumann-Pickering%2C%20S.%2C%20Baumgardner%2C%20T.%2C%20Bjorkstedt%2C%20E.%20P.%2C%20Bograd%2C%20S.%20J.%2C%20Bowlin%2C%20N.%20M.%2C%20Burke%2C%20B.%20J.%2C%20Daly%2C%20E.%20A.%2C%20Dewar%2C%20H.%2C%20Field%2C%20J.%20C.%2C%20%26%23x2026%3B%20Wells%2C%20B.%20%282024%29.%20State%20of%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20report%20in%202022%3A%20a%20tale%20of%20two%20La%20Ni%26%23xF1%3Bas.%20%3Ci%3EFrontiers%20in%20Marine%20Science%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E11%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%201294011.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffmars.2024.1294011%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffmars.2024.1294011%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22State%20of%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20report%20in%202022%3A%20a%20tale%20of%20two%20La%20Ni%5Cu00f1as%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andrew%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thompson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rasmus%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Swalethorp%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michaela%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Alksne%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jarrod%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Santora%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elliott%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hazen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andrew%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Leising%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Erin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Satterthwaite%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22William%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sydeman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Clarissa%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Anderson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Toby%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Auth%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Simone%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Baumann-Pickering%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Timothy%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Baumgardner%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Eric%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bjorkstedt%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Steven%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bograd%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Noelle%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bowlin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Brian%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Burke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elizabeth%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Daly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Heidi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dewar%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22John%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Field%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jennifer%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fisher%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Newell%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Garfield%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ashlyn%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gidding%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ralf%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Richard%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Golightly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Eliana%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22G%5Cu00f3mez-Ocampo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jose%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gomez-Valdes%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22John%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hildebrand%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kym%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jacobson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jacox%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jaime%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jahncke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Johns%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Joshua%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jones%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bertha%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lavaniegos%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nate%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mantua%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gerard%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McChesney%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Megan%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Medina%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sharon%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Melin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Luis%20Erasmo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Miranda%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Cheryl%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morgan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Catherine%20F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nickels%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rachael%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Orben%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jessica%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Porquez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Antonella%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Preti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roxanne%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Robertson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Daniel%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rudnick%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Keith%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sakuma%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Carley%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schacter%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Isaac%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schroeder%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lauren%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Scopel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Owyn%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Snodgrass%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sarah%20Ann%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thompson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Pete%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Warzybok%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Katherine%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Whitaker%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22William%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Watson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Edward%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weber%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Brian%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wells%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%222022%20marked%20the%20third%20consecutive%20La%20Ni%5Cu00f1a%20and%20extended%20the%20longest%20consecutive%20stretch%20of%20negative%20Oceanic%20Ni%5Cu00f1o%20Index%20since%201998-2001.%20While%20physical%20and%20biological%20conditions%20in%20winter%20and%20spring%20largely%20adhered%20to%20prior%20La%20Ni%5Cu00f1a%20conditions%2C%20summer%20and%20fall%20were%20very%20different.%20Similar%20to%20past%20La%20Ni%5Cu00f1a%20events%2C%20in%20winter%20and%20spring%20coastal%20upwelling%20was%20either%20average%20or%20above%20average%2C%20temperature%20average%20or%20below%20average%2C%20salinity%20generally%20above%20average.%20In%20summer%20and%20fall%2C%20however%2C%20upwelling%20and%20temperature%20were%20generally%20average%20or%20slightly%20below%20average%2C%20salinity%20was%20close%20to%20average%20and%20chlorophyll%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20a%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20was%20close%20to%20average.%20Again%2C%20as%20during%20prior%20La%20Ni%5Cu00f1a%20events%2C%20biomass%20of%20northern%5C%2Fsouthern%20copepods%20was%20above%5C%2Fbelow%20average%20off%20Oregon%20in%20winter%2C%20and%20body%20size%20of%20North%20Pacific%20krill%20in%20northern%20California%20was%20above%20average%20in%20winter.%20By%20contrast%2C%20later%20in%20the%20year%20the%20abundance%20of%20northern%20krill%20dropped%20off%20Oregon%20while%20southern%20copepods%20increased%20and%20body%20sizes%20of%20North%20Pacific%20krill%20fell%20in%20northern%20California.%20Off%20Oregon%20and%20Washington%20abundances%20of%20market%20squid%20and%20Pacific%20pompano%20%28indicators%20of%20warm%2C%20non-typical%20La%20Ni%5Cu00f1a%20conditions%29%20were%20high.%20In%20the%2020%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20th%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20century%2C%20Northern%20anchovy%20recruitment%20tended%20to%20be%20high%20during%20cold%20conditions%2C%20but%20despite%20mostly%20warm%20conditions%20from%202015-2021%20anchovy%20populations%20boomed%20and%20remained%20high%20in%202022.%20Resident%20seabird%20reproductive%20success%2C%20which%20tended%20in%20the%20past%20to%20increase%20during%20productive%20La%20Ni%5Cu00f1a%20conditions%20was%20highly%20variable%20throughout%20the%20system%20as%20common%20murre%20and%20pelagic%20cormorant%2C%20experienced%20complete%20reproductive%20failure%20at%20Yaquina%20Head%2C%20Oregon%20while%20Brandt%5Cu2019s%20cormorant%20reproduction%20was%20average.%20At%20three%20sampling%20locations%20off%20central%20California%2C%20however%2C%20common%20murre%20reproduction%20was%20close%20to%20or%20above%20average%20while%20both%20pelagic%20and%20Brandt%5Cu2019s%20cormorant%20were%20above%20average.%20California%20sealion%20reproduction%20has%20been%20above%20average%20each%20year%20since%202016%2C%20and%20pup%20weight%20was%20also%20above%20average%20in%202022%2C%20likely%20in%20response%20not%20to%20La%20Ni%5Cu00f1a%20or%20El%20Ni%5Cu00f1o%20but%20continuous%20high%20abundance%20of%20anchovy.%20The%20highly%20variable%20and%20often%20unpredictable%20physical%20and%20biological%20conditions%20in%202022%20highlight%20a%20growing%20recognition%20of%20disconnects%20between%20basin-scale%20indices%20and%20local%20conditions%20in%20the%20CCE.%20%5Cu201cJuly-December%202022%20is%20the%20biggest%20outlier%20from%20individual%20%5Cu201cstrong%5Cu201d%20La%20Ni%5Cu00f1a%20%28events%29%20ever%20going%20back%20to%20the%2050s.%5Cu201d%20%5Cu2013%20Nate%20Mantua%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222024-2-9%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3389%5C%2Ffmars.2024.1294011%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222296-7745%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.frontiersin.org%5C%2Farticles%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffmars.2024.1294011%5C%2Ffull%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22E2JDTFV9%22%2C%22TKICNGLT%22%2C%22QHQXLQG9%22%2C%22T7QYKVBH%22%2C%22XU8TAW3E%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-02-13T16%3A20%3A23Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22IURPHNWR%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Wolfe%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023-11-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EWolfe%2C%20W.%20H.%2C%20Martz%2C%20T.%20R.%2C%20Dickson%2C%20A.%20G.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Ohman%2C%20M.%20D.%20%282023%29.%20A%2037-year%20record%20of%20ocean%20acidification%20in%20the%20Southern%20California%20current.%20%3Ci%3ECommunications%20Earth%20%26amp%3B%20Environment%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E4%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%20406.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs43247-023-01065-0%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs43247-023-01065-0%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22A%2037-year%20record%20of%20ocean%20acidification%20in%20the%20Southern%20California%20current%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Wiley%20H.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wolfe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Todd%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Martz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andrew%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dickson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ralf%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mark%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ohman%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Long-term%20ocean%20time%20series%20have%20proven%20to%20be%20the%20most%20robust%20approach%20for%20direct%20observation%20of%20climate%20change%20processes%20such%20as%20Ocean%20Acidification.%20The%20California%20Cooperative%20Oceanic%20Fisheries%20Investigations%20%28CalCOFI%29%20program%20has%20collected%20quarterly%20samples%20for%20seawater%20inorganic%20carbon%20since%201983.%20The%20longest%20time%20series%20is%20at%20CalCOFI%20line%2090%20station%2090%20from%201984%5Cu2013present%2C%20with%20a%20gap%20from%202002%20to%202008.%20Here%20we%20present%20the%20first%20analysis%20of%20this%2037-%20year%20time%20series%2C%20the%20oldest%20in%20the%20Pacific.%20Station%2090.90%20exhibits%20an%20unambiguous%20acidification%20signal%20in%20agreement%20with%20the%20global%20surface%20ocean%20%28decrease%20in%20pH%20of%20%5Cu22120.0015%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20090.0001%5Cu2009yr%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cu22121%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%29%2C%20with%20a%20distinct%20seasonal%20cycle%20driven%20by%20temperature%20and%20total%20dissolved%20inorganic%20carbon.%20This%20provides%20direct%20evidence%20that%20the%20unique%20carbon%20chemistry%20signature%20%28compared%20to%20other%20long%20standing%20time%20series%29%20results%20in%20a%20reduced%20uptake%20rate%20of%20carbon%20dioxide%20%28CO%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%202%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%29%20due%20to%20proximity%20to%20a%20mid-latitude%20eastern%20boundary%20current%20upwelling%20zone.%20Comparison%20to%20an%20independent%20empirical%20model%20estimate%20and%20climatology%20at%20the%20same%20location%20reveals%20regional%20differences%20not%20captured%20in%20the%20existing%20models.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023-11-03%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1038%5C%2Fs43247-023-01065-0%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222662-4435%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.nature.com%5C%2Farticles%5C%2Fs43247-023-01065-0%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%2269WK3MNY%22%2C%22WJTCAXQW%22%2C%22VPDZGTEM%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-11-30T16%3A57%3A19Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2289Z8BMDG%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Landry%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023-10-31%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ELandry%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20Stukel%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20Selph%2C%20K.%20E.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%20%282023%29.%20Coexisting%20picoplankton%20experience%20different%20relative%20grazing%20pressures%20across%20an%20ocean%20productivity%20gradient.%20%3Ci%3EProceedings%20of%20the%20National%20Academy%20of%20Sciences%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E120%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2844%29%2C%20e2220771120.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1073%5C%2Fpnas.2220771120%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1073%5C%2Fpnas.2220771120%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Coexisting%20picoplankton%20experience%20different%20relative%20grazing%20pressures%20across%20an%20ocean%20productivity%20gradient%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Landry%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stukel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karen%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Selph%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ralf%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Picophytoplankton%20populations%20%5B%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Prochlorococcus%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%2C%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Synechococcus%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%28SYN%29%2C%20and%20picoeukaryotes%5D%20are%20dominant%20primary%20producers%20in%20the%20open%20ocean%20and%20projected%20to%20become%20more%20important%20with%20climate%20change.%20Their%20fates%20can%20vary%2C%20however%2C%20with%20microbial%20food%20web%20complexities.%20In%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%2C%20picophytoplankton%20biomass%20and%20abundance%20peak%20in%20waters%20of%20intermediate%20productivity%20and%20decrease%20at%20higher%20production.%20Using%20experimental%20data%20from%20eight%20cruises%20crossing%20the%20pronounced%20CCE%20trophic%20gradient%2C%20we%20tested%20the%20hypothesis%20that%20these%20declines%20are%20driven%20by%20intensified%20grazing%20on%20heterotrophic%20bacteria%20%28HBAC%29%20passed%20to%20similarly%20sized%20picophytoplankton%20via%20shared%20predators.%20Results%20confirm%20previously%20observed%20distributions%20as%20well%20as%20significant%20increases%20in%20bacterial%20abundance%2C%20cell%20growth%2C%20and%20grazing%20mortality%20with%20primary%20production.%20Mortalities%20of%20picophytoplankton%2C%20however%2C%20diverge%20from%20the%20bacterial%20mortality%20trend%20such%20that%20relative%20grazing%20rates%20on%20SYN%20compared%20to%20HBAC%20decline%20by%2012-fold%20between%20low%20and%20high%20productivity%20waters.%20The%20large%20shifts%20in%20mortality%20rate%20ratios%20for%20coexisting%20populations%20are%20not%20explained%20by%20size%20variability%20but%20rather%20suggest%20high%20selectivity%20of%20grazer%20assemblages%20or%20tightly%20coupled%20tradeoffs%20in%20microbial%20growth%20advantages%20and%20grazing%20vulnerabilities.%20These%20findings%20challenge%20the%20long-held%20view%20that%20protistan%20grazing%20mainly%20determines%20overall%20biomass%20of%20microbial%20communities%20while%20viruses%20uniquely%20regulate%20diversity%20by%20%5Cu201ckilling%20the%20winners%5Cu201d.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023-10-31%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1073%5C%2Fpnas.2220771120%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220027-8424%2C%201091-6490%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fpnas.org%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1073%5C%2Fpnas.2220771120%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22FWE37XSJ%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-02-07T19%3A52%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22W4F8V9CR%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Valente%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222022-12-23%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EValente%2C%20A.%2C%20Sathyendranath%2C%20S.%2C%20Brotas%2C%20V.%2C%20Groom%2C%20S.%2C%20Grant%2C%20M.%2C%20Jackson%2C%20T.%2C%20Chuprin%2C%20A.%2C%20Taberner%2C%20M.%2C%20Airs%2C%20R.%2C%20Antoine%2C%20D.%2C%20Arnone%2C%20R.%2C%20Balch%2C%20W.%20M.%2C%20Barker%2C%20K.%2C%20Barlow%2C%20R.%2C%20B%26%23xE9%3Blanger%2C%20S.%2C%20Berthon%2C%20J.-F.%2C%20Be%26%23x15F%3Biktepe%2C%20%26%23x15E%3B.%2C%20Borsheim%2C%20Y.%2C%20Bracher%2C%20A.%2C%20%26%23x2026%3B%20Zibordi%2C%20G.%20%282022%29.%20A%20compilation%20of%20global%20bio-optical%20in%20situ%20data%20for%20ocean%20colour%20satellite%20applications%20%26%23x2013%3B%20version%20three.%20%3Ci%3EEarth%20System%20Science%20Data%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E14%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2812%29%2C%205737%26%23x2013%3B5770.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.5194%5C%2Fessd-14-5737-2022%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.5194%5C%2Fessd-14-5737-2022%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22A%20compilation%20of%20global%20bio-optical%20in%20situ%20data%20for%20ocean%20colour%20satellite%20applications%20%5Cu2013%20version%20three%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andr%5Cu00e9%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Valente%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Shubha%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sathyendranath%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Vanda%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brotas%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Steve%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Groom%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grant%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Thomas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jackson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andrei%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chuprin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Malcolm%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Taberner%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ruth%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Airs%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22David%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Antoine%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Robert%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Arnone%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22William%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Balch%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kathryn%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Barker%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ray%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Barlow%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Simon%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22B%5Cu00e9langer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jean-Fran%5Cu00e7ois%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Berthon%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22%5Cu015e%5Cu00fckr%5Cu00fc%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Be%5Cu015fiktepe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Yngve%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Borsheim%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Astrid%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bracher%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Vittorio%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brando%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Robert%20J.%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brewin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elisabetta%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Canuti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Francisco%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chavez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andr%5Cu00e9s%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cianca%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Herv%5Cu00e9%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Claustre%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lesley%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Clementson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Richard%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Crout%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Afonso%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ferreira%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Scott%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Freeman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Robert%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Frouin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Carlos%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Garc%5Cu00eda-Soto%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stuart%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gibb%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ralf%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Richard%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gould%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nathalie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Guillocheau%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Stanford%20B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hooker%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Chuamin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mati%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kahru%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Milton%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kampel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Holger%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Klein%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Susanne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kratzer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Raphael%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kudela%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jesus%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ledesma%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Steven%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lohrenz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Hubert%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Loisel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Antonio%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mannino%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Victor%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Martinez-Vicente%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Patricia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Matrai%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22David%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McKee%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Brian%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mitchell%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Tiffany%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Moisan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Enrique%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Montes%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Frank%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Muller-Karger%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Aimee%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Neeley%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Novak%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Leonie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22O%27Dowd%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ondrusek%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Trevor%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Platt%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alex%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Poulton%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michel%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Repecaud%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R%5Cu00fcdiger%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22R%5Cu00f6ttgers%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Thomas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schroeder%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Timothy%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Smyth%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Denise%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Smythe-Wright%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Heidi%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sosik%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Crystal%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thomas%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rob%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thomas%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gavin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tilstone%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andreia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tracana%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Twardowski%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Vincenzo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Vellucci%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kenneth%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Voss%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jeremy%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Werdell%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marcel%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wernand%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bozena%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wojtasiewicz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Simon%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wright%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giuseppe%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zibordi%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract.%20A%20global%20in%20situ%20data%20set%20for%20validation%20of%20ocean%20colour%20products%5Cnfrom%20the%20ESA%20Ocean%20Colour%20Climate%20Change%20Initiative%20%28OC-CCI%29%20is%20presented.%5CnThis%20version%20of%20the%20compilation%2C%20starting%20in%201997%2C%20now%20extends%20to%202021%2C%5Cnwhich%20is%20important%20for%20the%20validation%20of%20the%20most%20recent%20satellite%20optical%5Cnsensors%20such%20as%20Sentinel%203B%20OLCI%20and%20NOAA-20%20VIIRS.%20The%20data%20set%20comprises%5Cnin%20situ%20observations%20of%20the%20following%20variables%3A%20spectral%20remote-sensing%5Cnreflectance%2C%20concentration%20of%20chlorophyll-a%2C%20spectral%20inherent%20optical%5Cnproperties%2C%20spectral%20diffuse%20attenuation%20coefficient%2C%20and%20total%20suspended%5Cnmatter.%20Data%20were%20obtained%20from%20multi-project%20archives%20acquired%20via%20open%5Cninternet%20services%20or%20from%20individual%20projects%20acquired%20directly%20from%20data%5Cnproviders.%20Methodologies%20were%20implemented%20for%20homogenization%2C%20quality%5Cncontrol%2C%20and%20merging%20of%20all%20data.%20Minimal%20changes%20were%20made%20on%20the%20original%5Cndata%2C%20other%20than%20conversion%20to%20a%20standard%20format%2C%20elimination%20of%20some%20points%2C%5Cnafter%20quality%20control%20and%20averaging%20of%20observations%20that%20were%20close%20in%20time%5Cnand%20space.%20The%20result%20is%20a%20merged%20table%20available%20in%20text%20format.%20Overall%2C%5Cnthe%20size%20of%20the%20data%20set%20grew%20with%20148%5Cu2009432%5Cu00a0rows%2C%20with%20each%20row%20representing%20a%5Cnunique%20station%20in%20space%20and%20time%20%28cf.%20136%5Cu2009250%5Cu00a0rows%20in%20previous%20version%3B%5CnValente%20et%20al.%2C%202019%29.%20Observations%20of%20remote-sensing%20reflectance%20increased%5Cnto%2068%5Cu2009641%20%28cf.%2059%5Cu2009781%20in%20previous%20version%3B%20Valente%20et%20al.%2C%202019%29.%20There%20was%5Cnalso%20a%20near%20tenfold%20increase%20in%20chlorophyll%20data%20since%202016.%20Metadata%20of%5Cneach%20in%20situ%20measurement%20%28original%20source%2C%20cruise%20or%20experiment%2C%20principal%5Cninvestigator%29%20are%20included%20in%20the%20final%20table.%20By%20making%20the%20metadata%5Cnavailable%2C%20provenance%20is%20better%20documented%20and%20it%20is%20also%20possible%20to%5Cnanalyse%20each%20set%20of%20data%20separately.%20The%20compiled%20data%20are%20available%20at%5Cnhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1594%5C%2FPANGAEA.941318%20%28Valente%20et%20al.%2C%202022%29.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222022-12-23%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.5194%5C%2Fessd-14-5737-2022%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221866-3516%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fessd.copernicus.org%5C%2Farticles%5C%2F14%5C%2F5737%5C%2F2022%5C%2F%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22STL3DR5U%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%2C%22DPYPUWVE%22%2C%22GAZRXK5T%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-01-25T22%3A15%3A17Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22AJJTIIWQ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Thompson%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222022-09-20%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EThompson%2C%20A.%20R.%2C%20Bjorkstedt%2C%20E.%20P.%2C%20Bograd%2C%20S.%20J.%2C%20Fisher%2C%20J.%20L.%2C%20Hazen%2C%20E.%20L.%2C%20Leising%2C%20A.%2C%20Santora%2C%20J.%20A.%2C%20Satterthwaite%2C%20E.%20V.%2C%20Sydeman%2C%20W.%20J.%2C%20Alksne%2C%20M.%2C%20Auth%2C%20T.%20D.%2C%20Baumann-Pickering%2C%20S.%2C%20Bowlin%2C%20N.%20M.%2C%20Burke%2C%20B.%20J.%2C%20Daly%2C%20E.%20A.%2C%20Dewar%2C%20H.%2C%20Field%2C%20J.%20C.%2C%20Garfield%2C%20N.%20T.%2C%20Giddings%2C%20A.%2C%20%26%23x2026%3B%20Weber%2C%20E.%20D.%20%282022%29.%20State%20of%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20in%202021%3A%20Winter%20is%20coming%3F%20%3Ci%3EFrontiers%20in%20Marine%20Science%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E9%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20958727.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffmars.2022.958727%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffmars.2022.958727%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22State%20of%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20in%202021%3A%20Winter%20is%20coming%3F%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andrew%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thompson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Eric%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bjorkstedt%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Steven%5Cu00a0J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bograd%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jennifer%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fisher%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elliott%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hazen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andrew%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Leising%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jarrod%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Santora%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Erin%20V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Satterthwaite%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22William%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sydeman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michaela%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Alksne%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Toby%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Auth%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Simone%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Baumann-Pickering%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Noelle%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bowlin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Brian%5Cu00a0J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Burke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elizabeth%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Daly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Heidi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dewar%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22John%5Cu00a0C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Field%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Newell%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Garfield%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ashlyn%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Giddings%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ralf%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22John%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hildebrand%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Cheryl%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Horton%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kym%5Cu00a0C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jacobson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jacox%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jaime%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jahncke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Johns%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Joshua%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jones%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Raphe%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kudela%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sharon%5Cu00a0R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Melin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Cheryl%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morgan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Catherine%20F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nickels%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rachael%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Orben%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jessica%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Porquez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elan%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Portner%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Antonella%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Preti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roxanne%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Robertson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Daniel%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rudnick%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Keith%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sakuma%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Isaac%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schroeder%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Owyn%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Snodgrass%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sarah%20Ann%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thompson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jennifer%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Trickey%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Pete%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Warzybok%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22William%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Watson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Edward%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weber%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22In%20late%202020%2C%20models%20predicted%20that%20a%20strong%20La%20Ni%5Cu00f1a%20would%20take%20place%20for%20the%20first%20time%20since%202013%2C%20and%20we%20assessed%20whether%20physical%20and%20biological%20indicators%20in%202021%20were%20similar%20to%20past%20La%20Ni%5Cu00f1as%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20%28CCE%29.%20The%20Pacific%20Decadal%20Oscillation%20and%20Oceanic%20Ni%5Cu00f1o%20Index%20indeed%20remained%20negative%20throughout%202021%3B%20the%20North%20Pacific%20Gyre%20Oscillation%20Index%2C%20however%2C%20remained%20strongly%20negative.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222022-9-20%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3389%5C%2Ffmars.2022.958727%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222296-7745%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.frontiersin.org%5C%2Farticles%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffmars.2022.958727%5C%2Ffull%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22E2JDTFV9%22%2C%22QHQXLQG9%22%2C%22T7QYKVBH%22%2C%22XU8TAW3E%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%2C%2246N8AU5X%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-01-16T23%3A56%3A00Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22ZYXRLXGV%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22James%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222022-05%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EJames%2C%20C.%20C.%2C%20Barton%2C%20A.%20D.%2C%20Allen%2C%20L.%20Z.%2C%20Lampe%2C%20R.%20H.%2C%20Rabines%2C%20A.%2C%20Schulberg%2C%20A.%2C%20Zheng%2C%20H.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Goodwin%2C%20K.%20D.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Allen%2C%20A.%20E.%20%282022%29.%20Influence%20of%20nutrient%20supply%20on%20plankton%20microbiome%20biodiversity%20and%20distribution%20in%20a%20coastal%20upwelling%20region.%20%3Ci%3ENature%20Communications%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E13%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%202448.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41467-022-30139-4%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fs41467-022-30139-4%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Influence%20of%20nutrient%20supply%20on%20plankton%20microbiome%20biodiversity%20and%20distribution%20in%20a%20coastal%20upwelling%20region%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Chase%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22James%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andrew%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Barton%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lisa%20Zeigler%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Allen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Robert%20H.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lampe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ariel%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rabines%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Anne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schulberg%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Hong%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zheng%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ralf%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kelly%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goodwin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andrew%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Allen%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20ecological%20and%20oceanographic%20processes%20that%20drive%20the%20response%20of%20pelagic%20ocean%20microbiomes%20to%20environmental%20changes%20remain%20poorly%20understood%2C%20particularly%20in%20coastal%20upwelling%20ecosystems.%20Here%20we%20show%20that%20seasonal%20and%20interannual%20variability%20in%20coastal%20upwelling%20predicts%20pelagic%20ocean%20microbiome%20diversity%20and%20community%20structure%20in%20the%20Southern%20California%20Current%20region.%20Ribosomal%20RNA%20gene%20sequencing%2C%20targeting%20prokaryotic%20and%20eukaryotic%20microbes%2C%20from%20samples%20collected%20seasonally%20during%202014-2020%20indicate%20that%20nitracline%20depth%20is%20the%20most%20robust%20predictor%20of%20spatial%20microbial%20community%20structure%20and%20biodiversity%20in%20this%20region.%20Striking%20ecological%20changes%20occurred%20due%20to%20the%20transition%20from%20a%20warm%20anomaly%20during%202014-2016%2C%20characterized%20by%20intense%20stratification%2C%20to%20cooler%20conditions%20in%202017-2018%2C%20representative%20of%20more%20typical%20upwelling%20conditions%2C%20with%20photosynthetic%20eukaryotes%2C%20especially%20diatoms%2C%20changing%20most%20strongly.%20The%20regional%20slope%20of%20nitracline%20depth%20exerts%20strong%20control%20on%20the%20relative%20proportion%20of%20highly%20diverse%20offshore%20communities%20and%20low%20biodiversity%2C%20but%20highly%20productive%20nearshore%20communities.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222022%5C%2F05%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1038%5C%2Fs41467-022-30139-4%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222041-1723%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%2286H9SNJB%22%2C%22WQ3JHP4G%22%2C%22WZ6VXZEN%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T00%3A04%3A33Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22Y6GRCARA%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Weber%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222021-08%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A10%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EWeber%2C%20E.%20D.%2C%20Auth%2C%20T.%20D.%2C%20Baumann-Pickering%2C%20S.%2C%20Baumgartner%2C%20T.%20R.%2C%20Bjorkstedt%2C%20E.%20P.%2C%20Bograd%2C%20S.%20J.%2C%20Burke%2C%20B.%20J.%2C%20Cadena-Ramirez%2C%20J.%20L.%2C%20Daly%2C%20E.%20A.%2C%20de%20la%20Cruz%2C%20M.%2C%20Dewar%2C%20H.%2C%20Field%2C%20J.%20C.%2C%20Fisher%2C%20J.%20L.%2C%20Giddings%2C%20A.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Gomez-Ocampo%2C%20E.%2C%20Gomez-Valdes%2C%20J.%2C%20Hazen%2C%20E.%20L.%2C%20Hildebrand%2C%20J.%2C%20%26%23x2026%3B%20Zeman%2C%20S.%20M.%20%282021%29.%20State%20of%20the%20California%20Current%202019-2020%3A%20Back%20to%20the%20future%20with%20marine%20heatwaves%3F%20%3Ci%3EFrontiers%20in%20Marine%20Science%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E8%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%2023.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffmars.2021.709454%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffmars.2021.709454%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22State%20of%20the%20California%20Current%202019-2020%3A%20Back%20to%20the%20future%20with%20marine%20heatwaves%3F%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weber%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Auth%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Baumann-Pickering%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Baumgartner%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bjorkstedt%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bograd%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Burke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cadena-Ramirez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Daly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22de%20la%20Cruz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22H.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dewar%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Field%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fisher%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Giddings%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gomez-Ocampo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gomez-Valdes%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hazen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hildebrand%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Horton%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jacobson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jacox%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jahncke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kahru%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kudela%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lavaniegos%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Leising%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Melin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22L.%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Miranda-Bojorquez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morgan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nickels%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Orben%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Porquez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Portner%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Robertson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22D.%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rudnick%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sakuma%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Santora%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22I.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schroeder%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22O.%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Snodgrass%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sydeman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thompson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thompson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Trickey%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Villegas-Mendoza%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Warzybok%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Watson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zeman%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20California%20Current%20System%20%28CCS%29%20has%20experienced%20large%20fluctuations%20in%20environmental%20conditions%20in%20recent%20years%20that%20have%20dramatically%20affected%20the%20biological%20community.%20Here%20we%20synthesize%20remotely%20sensed%2C%20hydrographic%2C%20and%20biological%20survey%20data%20from%20throughout%20the%20CCS%20in%202019-2020%20to%20evaluate%20how%20recent%20changes%20in%20environmental%20conditions%20have%20affected%20community%20dynamics%20at%20multiple%20trophic%20levels.%20A%20marine%20heatwave%20formed%20in%20the%20north%20Pacific%20in%202019%20and%20reached%20the%20second%20greatest%20area%20ever%20recorded%20by%20the%20end%20of%20summer%202020.%20However%2C%20high%20atmospheric%20pressure%20in%20early%202020%20drove%20relatively%20strong%20Ekman-driven%20coastal%20upwelling%20in%20the%20northern%20portion%20of%20the%20CCS%20and%20warm%20temperature%20anomalies%20remained%20far%20offshore.%20Upwelling%20and%20cooler%20temperatures%20in%20the%20northern%20CCS%20created%20relatively%20productive%20conditions%20in%20which%20the%20biomass%20of%20lipid-rich%20copepod%20species%20increased%2C%20adult%20krill%20size%20increased%2C%20and%20several%20seabird%20species%20experienced%20positive%20reproductive%20success.%20Despite%20these%20conditions%2C%20the%20composition%20of%20the%20fish%20community%20in%20the%20northern%20CCS%20remained%20a%20mixture%20of%20both%20warm-%20and%20cool-water-associated%20species.%20In%20the%20southern%20CCS%2C%20ocean%20temperatures%20remained%20above%20average%20for%20the%20seventh%20consecutive%20year.%20Abundances%20of%20juvenile%20fish%20species%20associated%20with%20productive%20conditions%20were%20relatively%20low%2C%20and%20the%20ichthyoplankton%20community%20was%20dominated%20by%20a%20mixture%20of%20oceanic%20warm-water%20and%20cosmopolitan%20species.%20Seabird%20species%20associated%20with%20warm%20water%20also%20occurred%20at%20greater%20densities%20than%20cool-water%20species%20in%20the%20southern%20CCS.%20The%20population%20of%20northern%20anchovy%2C%20which%20has%20been%20resurgent%20since%202017%2C%20continued%20to%20provide%20an%20important%20forage%20base%20for%20piscivorous%20fishes%2C%20offshore%20colonies%20of%20seabirds%2C%20and%20marine%20mammals%20throughout%20the%20CCS.%20Coastal%20upwelling%20in%20the%20north%2C%20and%20a%20longer-term%20trend%20in%20warming%20in%20the%20south%2C%20appeared%20to%20be%20controlling%20the%20community%20to%20a%20much%20greater%20extent%20than%20the%20marine%20heatwave%20itself.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222021%5C%2F08%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3389%5C%2Ffmars.2021.709454%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22E2JDTFV9%22%2C%22QHQXLQG9%22%2C%22T7QYKVBH%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%2C%22DPYPUWVE%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-11T20%3A25%3A42Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22QW7J7Z8U%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Marra%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020-11%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EMarra%2C%20J.%20F.%2C%20Barber%2C%20R.%20T.%2C%20Barber%2C%20E.%2C%20Bidigare%2C%20R.%20R.%2C%20Chamberlin%2C%20W.%20S.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Hargreaves%2C%20B.%20R.%2C%20Hiscock%2C%20M.%2C%20Iturriaga%2C%20R.%2C%20Johnson%2C%20Z.%20I.%2C%20Kiefer%2C%20D.%20A.%2C%20Kinkade%2C%20C.%2C%20Knudson%2C%20C.%2C%20Lance%2C%20V.%2C%20Langdon%2C%20C.%2C%20Lee%2C%20Z.%20P.%2C%20Perry%2C%20M.%20J.%2C%20Smith%2C%20W.%20O.%2C%20Vaillancourt%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Zoffoli%2C%20L.%20%282020%29.%20A%20database%20of%20ocean%20primary%20productivity%20from%20the%20C-14%20method.%20%3Ci%3ELimnology%20and%20Oceanography%20Letters%3C%5C%2Fi%3E.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Flol2.10175%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Flol2.10175%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22A%20database%20of%20ocean%20primary%20productivity%20from%20the%20C-14%20method%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Marra%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Barber%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Barber%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bidigare%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chamberlin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hargreaves%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hiscock%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Iturriaga%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Z.%20I.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Johnson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22D.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kiefer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kinkade%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Knudson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lance%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Langdon%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Z.%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lee%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Perry%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%20O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Smith%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Vaillancourt%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zoffoli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20database%20on%20ocean%20primary%20productivity%20comprises%20over%20two%20decades%20%281985-2008%29%20of%20data%20that%20the%20authors%20have%20participated%20in%20collecting%2C%20using%20the%20assimilation%20of%20inorganic%20C-14%20through%20photosynthesis%2C%20in%20incubations%20carried%20out%20in%20situ.%20The%20dataset%20is%20perhaps%20unique%20in%20that%20it%20uses%2C%20overwhelmingly%2C%20consistent%20methodology%20while%20covering%20a%20wide%20geographic%20range.%20Ancillary%20data%20are%20included.%20Using%20the%20database%2C%20it%20is%20hoped%20that%20investigators%20can%20test%20for%20the%20relationships%20among%20the%20environmental%20drivers%20for%20ocean%20productivity%2C%20the%20meaning%20of%20the%20C-14%20method%20in%20terms%20of%20phytoplankton%20physiology%20and%20the%20dynamics%20in%20the%20water%20column%2C%20and%20as%20a%20resource%20for%20further%20development%20of%20productivity%20algorithms%20using%20satellite%20ocean%20color%20imagery.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222020%5C%2F11%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1002%5C%2Flol2.10175%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A59Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%225KTBA5P9%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Kranz%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020-06%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A4%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EKranz%2C%20S.%20A.%2C%20Wang%2C%20S.%2C%20Kelly%2C%20T.%20B.%2C%20Stukel%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Landry%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Cassar%2C%20N.%20%282020%29.%20Lagrangian%20Studies%20of%20Marine%20Production%3A%20A%20Multimethod%20Assessment%20of%20Productivity%20Relationships%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20Upwelling%20Region.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research-Oceans%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E125%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%286%29.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1029%5C%2F2019jc015984%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1029%5C%2F2019jc015984%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Lagrangian%20Studies%20of%20Marine%20Production%3A%20A%20Multimethod%20Assessment%20of%20Productivity%20Relationships%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20Upwelling%20Region%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kranz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kelly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stukel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Landry%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22N.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cassar%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22A%20multimethod%20process-oriented%20investigation%20of%20diverse%20productivity%20measures%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20%28CCE%29%20Long-Term%20Ecological%20Research%20study%20region%2C%20a%20complex%20physical%20environment%2C%20is%20presented.%20Seven%20multiday%20deployments%20covering%20a%20transition%20region%20from%20high%20to%20low%20productivity%20were%20conducted%20over%20two%20field%20expeditions%20%28spring%202016%20and%20summer%202017%29.%20Employing%20a%20Lagrangian%20study%20design%2C%20water%20parcels%20were%20followed%20over%20several%20days%2C%20comparing%2024-h%20in%20situ%20measurements%20%28C-14%20and%2815%29NO%283%29-uptake%2C%20dilution%20estimates%20of%20phytoplankton%20growth%2C%20and%20microzooplankton%20grazing%29%20with%20high-resolution%20productivity%20measurements%20by%20fast%20repetition%20rate%20fluorometry%20%28FRRF%29%20and%20equilibrium%20inlet%20mass%20spectrometry%20%28EIMS%29%2C%20and%20integrated%20carbon%20export%20measuremnts%20using%20sediment%20traps.%20Results%20show%20the%20importance%20of%20accounting%20for%20temporal%20and%20fine%20spatial%20scale%20variability%20when%20estimating%20ecosystem%20production.%20FRRF%20and%20EIMS%20measurements%20resolved%20diel%20patterns%20in%20gross%20primary%20and%20net%20community%20production.%20Diel%20productivity%20changes%20agreed%20well%20with%20comparably%20more%20traditional%20measurements.%20While%20differences%20in%20productivity%20metrics%20calculated%20over%20different%20time%20intervals%20were%20considerable%2C%20as%20those%20methods%20rely%20on%20different%20base%20assumptions%2C%20the%20data%20can%20be%20used%20to%20explain%20ecosystem%20processes%20which%20would%20otherwise%20have%20gone%20unnoticed.%20The%20processes%20resolved%20from%20this%20method%20comparison%20further%20understanding%20of%20temporal%20and%20spatial%20coupling%20and%20decoupling%20of%20surface%20productivity%20and%20potential%20carbon%20burial%20in%20a%20gradient%20from%20coastal%20to%20offshore%20ecosystems.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222020%5C%2F06%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1029%5C%2F2019jc015984%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222169-9275%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22FWE37XSJ%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T00%3A12%3A45Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%228BD7BUJD%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Kahru%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A4%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EKahru%2C%20M.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Kelly%2C%20T.%20B.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Stukel%2C%20M.%20R.%20%282020%29.%20Satellite%20estimation%20of%20carbon%20export%20by%20sinking%20particles%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20calibrated%20with%20sediment%20trap%20data.%20%3Ci%3EDeep-Sea%20Research%20Part%20Ii-Topical%20Studies%20in%20Oceanography%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E173%3C%5C%2Fi%3E.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr2.2019.104639%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr2.2019.104639%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Satellite%20estimation%20of%20carbon%20export%20by%20sinking%20particles%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20calibrated%20with%20sediment%20trap%20data%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kahru%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kelly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stukel%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22We%20evaluate%20a%20recent%20region-specific%20model%20of%20export%20production%20%28Kelly%20a%20al.%2C%202018%29%20and%20some%20similar%20fits%20to%20in%20situ%20data%20for%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20using%20satellite%20data.%20The%20model%20is%20a%20simple%20linear%20function%20of%20net%20primary%20productivity%20%28NPP%29%3A%20Export%20%3D%200.08%20x%20NPP%20%2B%2072%20where%20EF%20is%20export%20flux%20in%20mg%20C%20m%28-2%29%20d%28-1%29.%20We%20confirm%20that%20contrary%20to%20several%20global%20algorithms%20export%20efficiency%20%28e-ratio%20%3D%20export%5C%2Fprimary%20productivity%29%20is%20negatively%20correlated%20with%20net%20primary%20productivity.%20We%20find%20that%20linear%20models%20with%20a%20steeper%20slope%20of%20EF%20relative%20to%20NPP%20produce%20better%20estimates%20of%20the%20variability%20range.%20Choice%20of%20the%20EF%20model%20parameterization%20can%20more%20than%20double%20the%20estimate%20of%20temporal%20variability%20%28standard%20deviation%29%20in%20satellite-derived%20EF%20time%20series.%20The%20best%20estimates%20of%20EF%20were%20obtained%20when%20using%20average%20NPP%20during%20a%20preceding%20period%20of%20similar%20to%207-8%20days.%20This%20is%20in%20contrast%20with%20NPP%20where%20the%20best%20satellite%20estimates%20of%20in%20situ%20NPP%20were%20obtained%20using%20same%20day%20satellite%20data%20and%20the%20coefficient%20of%20determination%20was%20monotonically%20decreasing%20with%20increasing%20time%20lag.%20We%20also%20find%20that%20there%20is%20substantial%20unexplained%20variability%20in%20EF%20that%20cannot%20be%20explained%20by%20existing%20models.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222020%5C%2F03%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr2.2019.104639%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220967-0645%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%2C%22DPYPUWVE%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T00%3A16%3A05Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22IWGVAE6Z%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Thompson%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-12%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A4%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EThompson%2C%20A.%20R.%2C%20Schroeder%2C%20I.%20D.%2C%20Bograd%2C%20S.%20J.%2C%20Hazen%2C%20E.%20L.%2C%20Jacox%2C%20M.%20G.%2C%20Leasing%2C%20A.%2C%20Wells%2C%20B.%20K.%2C%20Largier%2C%20J.%2C%20Fisher%2C%20J.%20L.%2C%20Jacobson%2C%20K.%20C.%2C%20Zeman%2C%20S.%20M.%2C%20Bjorkstedt%2C%20E.%20P.%2C%20Robertson%2C%20R.%20R.%2C%20Kahru%2C%20M.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Peabody%2C%20C.%20E.%2C%20Baumgartner%2C%20T.%20R.%2C%20Lavaniegos%2C%20B.%20E.%2C%20Miranda%2C%20L.%20E.%2C%20%26%23x2026%3B%20Melin%2C%20S.%20R.%20%282019%29.%20State%20of%20the%20California%20Current%202018-19%3A%20A%20novel%20anchovy%20regime%20and%20a%20new%20marine%20heat%20wave%3F%20%3Ci%3ECalifornia%20Cooperative%20Oceanic%20Fisheries%20Investigations%20Reports%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E60%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%201%26%23x2013%3B65.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22State%20of%20the%20California%20Current%202018-19%3A%20A%20novel%20anchovy%20regime%20and%20a%20new%20marine%20heat%20wave%3F%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thompson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22I.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schroeder%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bograd%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hazen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jacox%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Leasing%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wells%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Largier%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fisher%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jacobson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zeman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bjorkstedt%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Robertson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kahru%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peabody%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Baumgartner%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lavaniegos%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22L.%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Miranda%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gomez-Ocampo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gomez-Valdes%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Auth%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Daly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morgan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Burke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Field%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sakuma%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weber%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Watson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Porquez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dolliver%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22D.%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lyons%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Orben%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zamon%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Warzybok%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jahncke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Santora%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thompson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hoover%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sydeman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Melin%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20%28CCE%29%20has%20been%20in%20a%20primarily%20warm%20state%20since%202014%2C%20and%20this%20pattern%20largely%20continued%20into%202019.%20The%20CCE%20experienced%20a%20mild%20El%20Nino%20from%20late%202018%20into%202019%2C%20and%20basin-scale%20indicators%20reflected%20this%20condition%20%28elevated%20Oceanic%20Nitio%20Index%20and%20Pacific%20Decadal%20Oscillation%3B%20table%201%29.%20Despite%20the%20El%20Nino%2C%20spring%20upwelling%20was%20above%20average%20between%20southern%20California%20and%20Washington%20but%20below%20average%20in%20Baja%20California.%20Sea%20surface%20temperature%20%28SST%29%20was%20mostly%20near%20the%20long-term%20average%20between%20Washington%20and%20southern%20California%2C%20while%20surface%20chlorophyll%20a%20was%20above%20average%20in%20Oregon%5C%2FWashington%20and%20slightly%20below%20average%20in%20most%20of%20California%20in%20spring%5C%2Fearly%20summer%202019.%20SST%20changed%20dramatically%20by%20fall%202019%2C%20however%2C%20as%20a%20marine%20heat%20wave%20%28MHW%29%20that%20formed%20in%20May%202019%20in%20the%20Gulf%20of%20Alaska%20impinged%20upon%20the%20West%20Coast%20of%20the%20United%20States.%20The%20expansion%20of%20the%202019%20MHW%20followed%20a%20similar%20pattern%20to%20the%202014-15%20MHW.%20Off%20Oregon%2C%20the%20zooplankton%20assemblage%20was%20in%20a%20mixed%20state%20as%20southern%20copepods%20were%20close%20to%20average%20while%20northern%20copepod%20abundances%20were%20positively%20anomalous%20in%202019.%20Off%20northern%20California%2C%20Euphausia%20pacifica%20body%20size%20was%20smaller%20than%20average.%20Euphausid%20abundances%20were%20well%20below%20average%20in%20both%20central%20and%20southern%20California%20in%202019.%20In%20the%20north%2C%20winter%202019%20larval%20fish%20abundances%20were%20high%20and%20dominated%20by%20offshore%20taxa%20that%20are%20associated%20with%20warm%20conditions%3B%20spring%20larval%20and%20post-larval%20biomass%20were%20close%20to%20average%3B%20and%20spring%20surface%20trawls%20observed%20record-high%20market%20squid%20%28Doryteuthis%20opalescens%29%20abundances.%20The%20single%20most%20important%20finding%20in%202019%20was%20that%20northern%20anchovy%20%28Engraulis%20tnordax%29%20adults%20and%20larvae%20were%20at%20record-high%20abundances%20in%20central%20and%20southern%20California.%20In%20central%20California%2C%20market%20squid%20and%20Pacific%20sardine%20%28Sardinops%20sagax%29%20were%20also%20abundant.%20In%20southern%20California%20warm-water%20mesopelagic%20fishes%20have%20been%20very%20abundant%20since%202014%2C%20and%20this%20trend%20continued%20into%202019.%20Indicators%20for%20future%20salmon%20returns%20were%20mixed%20in%202019.%20The%20abundance%20of%20northern%20copepods%2C%20which%20correlate%20positively%20with%20returns%2C%20was%20high.%20However%2C%20abundances%20of%20yearling%20Chinook%20salmon%20%28Oncorhynchus%20tshawytscha%29%20and%20coho%20salmon%20%28O.%20kisutch%29%2C%20which%20also%20correlate%20positively%20with%20returns%2C%20were%20slightly%20below%20average.%20Winter%20ichthyoplankton%20was%20comprised%20mostly%20of%20southern%20or%20offshore%20taxa%2C%20which%20bodes%20poorly%20for%20future%20salmon%20returns.%20Seabird%20%28common%20murre%20%5BUrfa%20aalge%5D%3B%20Brandt%27s%20cormorant%20%5BPhalacrocorax%20penidllatus%5D%3B%20and%20pelagic%20cormorant%20%5BPhalacrocorax%20pelagicus%5D%29%20productivity%20off%20Oregon%20was%20the%20highest%20in%20years%20in%20both%202018%20and%202019.%20In%202018%2C%20common%20murre%20chicks%20in%20Oregon%20consumed%20large%20amounts%20of%20young-of-the-year%20flatfish%2C%20a%20prey%20item%20known%20to%20be%20conducive%20to%20chick%20survival.%20Despite%20the%20prevalence%20of%20northern%20anchovy%20in%20central%20California%2C%20common%20murre%20and%20Brand%27s%20cormorant%20production%20was%20low%20in%20Southeast%20Farallon%20Island%20as%20these%20birds%20were%20unable%20to%20feed%20optimally%20on%20northern%20anchovy%2C%20and%20there%20was%20a%20scarcity%20of%20more%20appropriate%20prey%20such%20as%20young-of-the-year%20flat-fishes%20or%20rockfishes.%20California%20sea%20lions%20%28Zalophus%20californianus%29%2C%20by%20contrast%2C%20benefitted%20greatly%20from%20the%20large%20northern%20anchovy%20forage%20base.%20In%202018%2C%20live%20pup%20count%2C%20weight%2C%20and%20growth%20rate%20were%20anomalously%20high%2C%20and%20northern%20anchovy%20remains%20occurred%20in%20%3E85%25%20of%20scat%20samples.%20Humpback%20whale%20%28Megaptera%20novaeangliae%29%20sightings%20were%20also%20very%20high%20in%202019%2C%20likely%20because%20humpback%20whales%20congregated%20near%20shore%20to%20feed%20on%20northern%20anchovy.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222019%5C%2F12%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220575-3317%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%2C%22DPYPUWVE%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T00%3A13%3A57Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22NRYBAYNM%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Kelly%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A6%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EKelly%2C%20T.%20B.%2C%20Davison%2C%20P.%20C.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Landry%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20Ohman%2C%20M.%20D.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Stukel%2C%20M.%20R.%20%282019%29.%20The%20importance%20of%20mesozooplankton%20diel%20vertical%20migration%20for%20sustaining%20a%20mesopelagic%20food%20web.%20%3Ci%3EFrontiers%20in%20Marine%20Science%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E6%3C%5C%2Fi%3E.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffmars.2019.00508%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3389%5C%2Ffmars.2019.00508%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20importance%20of%20mesozooplankton%20diel%20vertical%20migration%20for%20sustaining%20a%20mesopelagic%20food%20web%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kelly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22P.%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Davison%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Landry%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ohman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stukel%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22We%20used%20extensive%20ecological%20and%20biogeochemical%20measurements%20obtained%20from%20quasi-Lagrangian%20experiments%20during%20two%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20Long-Term%20Ecosystem%20Research%20cruises%20to%20analyze%20carbon%20fluxes%20between%20the%20epipelagic%20and%20mesopelagic%20zones%20using%20a%20linear%20inverse%20ecosystem%20model%20%28LIEM%29.%20Measurement%20constraints%20on%20the%20model%20include%20C-14%20primary%20productivity%2C%20dilution-based%20microzooplankton%20grazing%20rates%2C%20gut%20pigment-based%20mesozooplankton%20grazing%20rates%20%28on%20multiple%20zooplankton%20size%20classes%29%2C%20Th-234%3AU-238%20disequilibrium%20and%20sediment%20trap%20measured%20carbon%20export%2C%20and%20metabolic%20requirements%20of%20micronekton%2C%20zooplankton%2C%20and%20bacteria.%20A%20likelihood%20approach%20%28Markov%20Chain%20Monte%20Carlo%29%20was%20used%20to%20estimate%20the%20resulting%20flow%20uncertainties%20from%20a%20sample%20of%20potential%20flux%20networks.%20Results%20highlight%20the%20importance%20of%20mesozooplankton%20active%20transport%20%28i.e.%2C%20diel%20vertical%20migration%29%20in%20supplying%20the%20carbon%20demand%20of%20mesopelagic%20organisms%20and%20sequestering%20carbon%20dioxide%20from%20the%20atmosphere.%20In%20nine%20water%20parcels%20ranging%20from%20a%20coastal%20bloom%20to%20offshore%20oligotrophic%20conditions%2C%20mesozooplankton%20active%20transport%20accounted%20for%2018-84%25%20%28median%3A%2042%25%29%20of%20the%20total%20carbon%20transfer%20to%20the%20mesopelagic%2C%20with%20gravitational%20settling%20of%20POC%20%2812-55%25%3B%20median%3A%2037%25%29%2C%20and%20subduction%20%282-32%25%3B%20median%3A%2014%25%29%20providing%20the%20majority%20of%20the%20remainder.%20Vertically%20migrating%20zooplankton%20contributed%20to%20downward%20carbon%20flux%20through%20respiration%20and%20excretion%20at%20depth%20and%20via%20mortality%20losses%20to%20predatory%20zooplankton%20and%20mesopelagic%20fish%20%28e.g.%2C%20myctophids%20and%20gonostomatids%29.%20Sensitivity%20analyses%20showed%20that%20the%20results%20of%20the%20LIEM%20were%20robust%20to%20changes%20in%20nekton%20metabolic%20demand%2C%20rates%20of%20bacterial%20production%2C%20and%20mesozooplankton%20gross%20growth%20efficiency.%20This%20analysis%20suggests%20that%20prior%20estimates%20of%20zooplankton%20active%20transport%20based%20on%20conservative%20estimates%20of%20standard%20%28rather%20than%20active%29%20metabolism%20are%20likely%20too%20low.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222019%5C%2F09%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3389%5C%2Ffmars.2019.00508%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22FWE37XSJ%22%2C%22WJTCAXQW%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-25T17%3A52%3A45Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22LC6XF5BT%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Stukel%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-05%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A10%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EStukel%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20Kelly%2C%20T.%20B.%2C%20Aluwihare%2C%20L.%20I.%2C%20Barbeau%2C%20K.%20A.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Krause%2C%20J.%20W.%2C%20Landry%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Ohman%2C%20M.%20D.%20%282019%29.%20The%20Carbon%3A%28234%29Thorium%20ratios%20of%20sinking%20particles%20in%20the%20California%20current%20ecosystem%201%3A%20relationships%20with%20plankton%20ecosystem%20dynamics.%20%3Ci%3EMarine%20Chemistry%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E212%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%201%26%23x2013%3B15.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.marchem.2019.01.003%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.marchem.2019.01.003%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20Carbon%3A%28234%29Thorium%20ratios%20of%20sinking%20particles%20in%20the%20California%20current%20ecosystem%201%3A%20relationships%20with%20plankton%20ecosystem%20dynamics%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stukel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kelly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22L.%20I.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Aluwihare%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Barbeau%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Krause%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Landry%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ohman%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22We%20investigated%20variability%20in%20the%20C%3ATh-234%20ratio%20of%20sinking%20particles%20and%20its%20relationship%20to%20changing%20water%20column%20characteristics%20and%20plankton%20ecological%20dynamics%20during%2029%20Lagrangian%20experiments%20conducted%20on%20six%20cruises%20of%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20Long-Term%20Ecological%20Research%20%28CCE-LTER%29%20Program.%20C%3ATh-234%20ratios%20of%20sinking%20particles%20collected%20by%20a%20surface-tethered%20sediment%20trap%20%28%28CThST%29-Th-%3A234%29%20varied%20from%202.3%20to%2020.5%20mu%20mol%20C%20dpm%28-1%29%20over%20a%20depth%20range%20of%2047-150%20m.%20C%3ATh-234%28ST%29%20was%20significantly%20greater%20%28by%20a%20factor%20of%201.8%29%20than%20C%3ATh-234%20ratios%20of%20suspended%20%3E%2051-mu%20m%20particles%20collected%20in%20the%20same%20water%20parcels%20with%20in%20situ%20pumps.%20C%3ATh-234%20ratios%20of%20large%20%28%3E%20200-mu%20m%29%20sinking%20particles%20also%20exceeded%20those%20of%20smaller%20sinking%20particles.%20C%3ATh-234%28ST%29%20decreased%20with%20depth%20from%20the%20base%20of%20the%20euphotic%20zone%20through%20the%20upper%20twilight%20zone.%20C%3ATh-234%28ST%29%20was%20positively%20correlated%20with%20several%20indices%20of%20ecosystem%20productivity%20including%20particulate%20organic%20carbon%20%28POC%29%20and%20chlorophyll%20%28Chl%29%20concentrations%2C%20mesozooplankton%20biomass%2C%20and%20the%20fraction%20of%20Chl%20%3E%2020-mu%20m.%20Principal%20component%20analysis%20and%20multiple%20linear%20regression%20suggested%20that%20decaying%20phytoplankton%20blooms%20exhibited%20higher%20C%3ATh-234%28ST%29%20than%20actively%20growing%20blooms%20at%20similar%20biomass%20levels.%20C%3ATh-234%28ST%29%20was%20positively%20correlated%20with%20indices%20of%20the%20fractional%20contribution%20of%20fecal%20pellets%20in%20sediment%20traps%20when%20the%20proportion%20of%20fecal%20pellets%20was%20low%20in%20the%20traps%2C%20likely%20because%20of%20a%20correlation%20between%20mesozooplankton%20biomass%20and%20other%20indices%20of%20ecosystem%20productivity.%20However%2C%20when%20fecal%20pellets%20were%20a%20more%20important%20component%20of%20sinking%20material%2C%20C%3ATh-234%28ST%29%20decreased%20with%20increasing%20fecal%20pellet%20content.%20C%3ATh-234%28ST%29%20was%20also%20positively%20correlated%20with%20the%20Si%3AC%20ratio%20of%20sinking%20particles.%20Across%20the%20dataset%20%28and%20across%20depths%29%20a%20strong%20correlation%20was%20found%20between%20C%3ATh-234%28ST%29%20and%20the%20ratio%20of%20vertically-integrated%20POC%20to%20vertically-integrated%20total%20water%20column%20Th-234%20%28C-v%3ATh-234%28tot%29%29.%20A%20mechanistic%20one-layer%2C%20two-box%20model%20of%20thorium%20sorption%20and%20desorption%20was%20invoked%20to%20explain%20this%20correlation.%20Two%20empirical%20models%20%28one%20using%20C-v%3ATh-234%28tot%29%3B%20one%20using%20depth%20and%20vertically-integrated%20Chl%29%20were%20developed%20to%20predict%20C%3ATh-234%20ratios%20in%20this%20coastal%20upwelling%20biome.%20The%20former%20regression%20%28log%2810%29%28C%3ATh-234%28ST%29%29%20%3D%200.43%20x%20log%2810%29%28C-v%3ATh-234%28tot%29%29%20%2B%200.53%29%20was%20found%20to%20also%20be%20a%20reasonable%20predictor%20for%20C%3ATh-234%28ST%29%20from%20diverse%20regions%20including%20the%20Southern%20Ocean%2C%20Sargasso%20Sea%2C%20Subarctic%20North%20Pacific%2C%20and%20Eastern%20Tropical%20North%20Pacific.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222019%5C%2F05%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.marchem.2019.01.003%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220304-4203%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QIYZ9CQ7%22%2C%22MWYMG4GN%22%2C%22FWE37XSJ%22%2C%22WJTCAXQW%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-25T17%3A54%3A56Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%222NWW3Q7T%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Thompson%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018-12%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A4%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EThompson%2C%20A.%20R.%2C%20Schroeder%2C%20I.%20D.%2C%20Bograd%2C%20S.%20J.%2C%20Hazen%2C%20E.%20L.%2C%20Jacox%2C%20M.%20G.%2C%20Leising%2C%20A.%2C%20Wells%2C%20B.%20K.%2C%20Largier%2C%20J.%20L.%2C%20Fisher%2C%20J.%20L.%2C%20Jacobson%2C%20K.%2C%20Zeman%2C%20S.%2C%20Bjorkstedt%2C%20E.%20P.%2C%20Robertson%2C%20R.%20R.%2C%20Chavez%2C%20F.%20P.%2C%20Kahru%2C%20M.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20McClatchie%2C%20S.%2C%20Peabody%2C%20C.%20E.%2C%20Baumgartner%2C%20T.%20R.%2C%20%26%23x2026%3B%20Melin%2C%20S.%20R.%20%282018%29.%20State%20of%20the%20California%20Current%202017-18%3A%20Still%20not%20quite%20normal%20in%20the%20north%20and%20getting%20interesting%20in%20the%20south.%20%3Ci%3ECalifornia%20Cooperative%20Oceanic%20Fisheries%20Investigations%20Reports%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E59%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%202%26%23x2013%3B66.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22State%20of%20the%20California%20Current%202017-18%3A%20Still%20not%20quite%20normal%20in%20the%20north%20and%20getting%20interesting%20in%20the%20south%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thompson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22I.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schroeder%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bograd%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hazen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jacox%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Leising%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wells%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Largier%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fisher%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jacobson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zeman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bjorkstedt%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Robertson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22F.%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chavez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kahru%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McClatchie%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peabody%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Baumgartner%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lavaniegos%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gomez-Valdes%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brodeur%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Daly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morgan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Auth%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Burke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Field%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sakuma%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weber%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Watson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Coates%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schoenbaum%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rogers-Bennett%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Suryan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dolliver%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Loredo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zamon%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schneider%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Golightly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Warzybok%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jahncke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Santora%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thompson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sydeman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Melin%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Following%20the%20marine%20heat%20wave%20of%202014-16%2C%20the%20California%20Current%20System%20%28CCS%29%20trended%20towards%20more%20typical%20conditions%20north%20of%20Point%20Conception%2C%20California%2C%20from%20mid-2017%20to%20mid-2018%2C%20but%20became%20highly%20abnormal%20in%20the%20south%20by%20mid-2018.Two%20basinscale%20indices%20%28Pacific%20Decadal%20Oscillation%20and%20Oceanic%20Nino%20Index%29%20were%20close%20to%20neutral%2C%20but%20the%20North%20Pacific%20Gyre%20Oscillation%20was%20extremely%20low%20at%20the%20end%20of%202017%20and%20beginning%20of%202018.%20Regional%20analyses%20demonstrated%20that%20upwelling%20was%20close%20to%20normal%20throughout%20most%20of%20the%20CCS%20with%20the%20exception%20of%20high%20upwelling%20from%20northern%20California%20to%20Washington%20in%20summer%20and%20fall%20of%202017.%20Sea%20surface%20temperature%20was%20close%20to%20normal%20throughout%20most%20of%20the%20CCS%20but%20warmed%20to%20record%20levels%20in%20summer%202018%20in%20southern%20California%20and%20northern%20Baja%20California.%20In%20spring%202018%2C%20surface%20chlorophyll%20a%20was%20negatively%20anomalous%20throughout%20most%20of%20the%20US%20West%20Coast%20with%20localized%20hot%20spots%20around%20the%20Columbia%20River%2C%20in%20the%20Gulf%20of%20Farallones%2C%20and%20Monterey%20Bay.%20Lipid-rich%20copepod%20densities%20and%20sizes%20returned%20to%20normal%20levels%20in%20the%20northern%20CCS%2C%20and%20euphausiid%20abundances%20were%20above%20average%20in%20central%20California%20but%20below%20average%20in%20southern%20California%20in%20spring%202018.%20Abundances%20of%207%20zooplankton%20taxa%20were%20slightly%20to%20well%20above%20average%20off%20of%20northern%20Baja%20California%20in%20late%202017.%20Pyrosomes%2C%20which%20are%20associated%20with%20warm%20water%2C%20were%20found%20throughout%20the%20CCS.%20The%20fish%20assemblage%20off%20Oregon%20and%20Washington%20was%20comprised%20of%20both%20northern%20and%20southern%5C%2Foffshore%20species.%20In%20the%20central%20region%20%28near%20Monterey%20Bay%29%20most%20fishes%20were%20close%20to%20long-term%20mean%20abundances%3B%20however%2C%20adult%20northern%20anchovy%20%28Engraulis%20mordax%29%20abundance%20was%20the%20highest%20on%20record.%20The%20ichthyoplankton%20assemblage%20off%20southern%20California%20had%20a%20tropical%20signal%20similar%20to%202014-15%20as%20warm-water%20associated%20mesopelagic%20abundances%20were%20close%20to%20record%20highs%20and%20cold%20water%20mesopelagics%20abundances%20were%20very%20low.Anchovy%20larvae%20abundances%20in%20southern%20California%20were%20the%20highest%20since%20the%201960s.%20Indicators%20that%20can%20affect%20salmon%20survival%20were%20mixed%20in%202018.%20On%20the%20one%20hand%2C%20several%20indices%20forecast%20high%20salmon%20return%20%28moderate-high%20salmon%20yearling%20abundance%2C%20high%20larval%20fish%20%28salmon%20prey%29%20abundance%2C%20normal%20lipid-rich%20copepod%20abundances%29.%20On%20the%20other%20hand%2C%20low%20survival%20was%20predicted%20by%20high%20fall%20PDO%2C%20high%20abundances%20of%20offshore%20larval%20fishes%2C%20and%20above%20average%20abundance%20of%20lipid-poor%20copepods.This%20unusual%20mix%20of%20indicators%20makes%20it%20difficult%20to%20forecast%20salmon%20returns%20in%20upcoming%20years.%20Common%20murre%20%28Urfa%20aalge%29%20reproduction%20was%20historically%20low%20in%20the%20northern%20CCS%20in%202017%20as%20colonies%20experienced%20complete%20reproductive%20failure%20both%20at%20Yaquina%20Head%2C%20Oregon%2C%20and%20Castle%20Rock%2C%20California.%20In%20both%20cases%2C%20forage%20was%20scarce%2C%20birds%20conducted%20long%20foraging%20excursions%20which%20left%20eggs%20unattended%20for%20extended%20periods%2C%20and%20many%20eggs%20were%20consumed%20by%20avian%20predators.%20Brandt%27s%20%28Phalacrocorax%20peniscillatus%29%20and%20pelagic%20%28P.%20pelagicus%29%20cormorants%20had%20above%20average%20reproductive%20success%20in%202017%20at%20Yaquina%20Head%2C%20but%20Brandt%27s%20cormorant%20also%20had%20total%20reproductive%20failure%20in%202017%20at%20Castle%20Rock.%20At%20Southeast%20Farallon%20Island%20murre%2C%20Brandt%27s%20cormorant%2C%20and%20pelagic%20cormorant%20productivity%20was%20close%20to%20average%20in%202017%2C%20and%20Brandt%27s%20cormorant%20and%20murre%20were%20slightly%20above%20average%20in%202018.%20Preliminary%202018%20results%20fromYaquina%20Head%20also%20indicated%20that%20murre%20successfully%20produced%20chicks%20for%20the%20first%20time%20since%202014.%20At-sea%20bird%20surveys%20in%20the%20north%20demonstrated%20that%20sooty%20shearwater%20and%20common%20murre%20abundances%20were%20historically%20low%20in%202017%2C%20but%20increased%20to%20some%20of%20the%20highest%20values%20on%20record%20in%202018.%20By%20contrast%2C%20the%20at-sea%20surveys%20off%20central%20California%20found%20that%20murre%20densities%20were%20anomalously%20high%20in%202017%20but%20fell%20to%20an%20average%20level%20in%202018.%20Improving%20California%20sea%20lion%20%28Zalophus%20californianus%29%20pup%20condition%20continued%20from%202016%20into%202017%20as%20live%20pup%20counts%2C%20pup%20weight%2C%20and%20rate%20of%20growth%20were%20above%20average.%20Augmented%20pup%20conditions%20in%202016-17%20was%20likely%20driven%20by%20increased%20availability%20of%20anchovy%2C%20as%20anchovy%20remains%20were%20found%20in%20nearly%20100%25%20of%20sea%20lion%20scat.%20There%20were%20record%20high%20encounters%20with%20Humpback%20whales%20%28Megaptera%20novaeangliae%29%20off%20central%20California%20in%202018.%20Overall%2C%20much%20of%20the%20CCS%20was%20in%20more%20of%20a%20normal%20state%20through%20mid-2018%20relative%20to%20the%20past%205%20years.%20However%2C%20remnants%20of%20the%202014-16%20marine%20heat%20wave%20were%20still%20resonating%20in%20the%20north%2C%20and%20another%20highly%20anomalously%20warm%20water%20event%20affected%20the%20southern%20part%20of%20the%20CCS%20in%20summer%202018.%20Thus%2C%20while%20the%20CCS%20was%20returning%20to%20typical%20conditions%20in%20the%20north%2C%20it%20was%20anything%20but%20normal%20in%20the%20south%20in%202018.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222018%5C%2F12%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220575-3317%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%2C%22DPYPUWVE%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-11-18T21%3A54%3A13Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22H4WATWU4%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Kelly%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018-10%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A4%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EKelly%2C%20T.%20B.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Kahru%2C%20M.%2C%20Song%2C%20H.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Stukel%2C%20M.%20R.%20%282018%29.%20CCE%20II%3A%20Spatial%20and%20interannual%20variability%20in%20export%20efficiency%20and%20the%20biological%20pump%20in%20an%20eastern%20boundary%20current%20upwelling%20system%20with%20substantial%20lateral%20advection.%20%3Ci%3EDeep-Sea%20Research%20Part%20I-Oceanographic%20Research%20Papers%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E140%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%2014%26%23x2013%3B25.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr.2018.08.007%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr.2018.08.007%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22CCE%20II%3A%20Spatial%20and%20interannual%20variability%20in%20export%20efficiency%20and%20the%20biological%20pump%20in%20an%20eastern%20boundary%20current%20upwelling%20system%20with%20substantial%20lateral%20advection%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kelly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kahru%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22H.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Song%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stukel%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222018%5C%2F10%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr.2018.08.007%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220967-0637%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%2C%22DPYPUWVE%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-11-18T21%3A57%3A27Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22AFQIB4NL%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Morrow%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018-10%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A4%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EMorrow%2C%20R.%20M.%2C%20Ohman%2C%20M.%20D.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Kelly%2C%20T.%20B.%2C%20Stephens%2C%20B.%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Stukel%2C%20M.%20R.%20%282018%29.%20CCE%20V%3A%20Primary%20production%2C%20mesozooplankton%20grazing%2C%20and%20the%20biological%20pump%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%3A%20Variability%20and%20response%20to%20El%20Nino.%20%3Ci%3EDeep-Sea%20Research%20Part%20I-Oceanographic%20Research%20Papers%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E140%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%2052%26%23x2013%3B62.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr.2018.07.012%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr.2018.07.012%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22CCE%20V%3A%20Primary%20production%2C%20mesozooplankton%20grazing%2C%20and%20the%20biological%20pump%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%3A%20Variability%20and%20response%20to%20El%20Nino%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morrow%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ohman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kelly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stephens%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stukel%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Predicting%20marine%20carbon%20sequestration%20in%20a%20changing%20climate%20requires%20mechanistic%20understanding%20of%20the%20processes%20controlling%20sinking%20particle%20flux%20under%20different%20climatic%20conditions.%20The%20recent%20occurrence%20of%20a%20warm%20anomaly%20%282014-2015%29%20followed%20by%20an%20El%20Nino%20%282015-2016%29%20in%20the%20southern%20sector%20of%20the%20California%20Current%20System%20presented%20an%20opportunity%20to%20analyze%20changes%20in%20the%20biological%20carbon%20pump%20in%20response%20to%20altered%20climate%20forcing.%20We%20compare%20primary%20production%2C%20mesozooplankton%20grazing%2C%20and%20carbon%20export%20from%20the%20euphotic%20zone%20during%20quasi-Lagrangian%20experiments%20conducted%20in%20contrasting%20conditions%3A%20two%20cruises%20during%20warm%20years%20-%20one%20during%20the%20warm%20anomaly%20in%202014%20and%20one%20toward%20the%20end%20of%20El%20Nino%202016%20-%20and%20three%20cruises%20during%20El%20Ninoneutral%20years.%20Results%20showed%20no%20substantial%20differences%20in%20the%20relationships%20between%20vertical%20carbon%20export%20and%20its%20presumed%20drivers%20%28primary%20production%2C%20mesozooplankton%20grazing%29%20between%20warm%20and%20neutral%20years.%20Mesozooplankton%20fecal%20pellet%20enumeration%20and%20phaeopigment%20measurements%20both%20showed%20that%20fecal%20pellets%20were%20the%20dominant%20contributor%20to%20export%20in%20productive%20upwelling%20regions.%20In%20more%20oligotrophic%20regions%2C%20fluxes%20were%20dominated%20by%20amorphous%20marine%20snow%20with%20negligible%20pigment%20content.%20We%20found%20no%20evidence%20for%20a%20significant%20shift%20in%20the%20relationship%20between%20mesozooplankton%20grazing%20rate%20and%20chlorophyll%20concentration.%20However%2C%20massspecific%20grazing%20rates%20were%20lower%20at%20low-to-moderate%20chlorophyll%20concentrations%20during%20warm%20years%20relative%20to%20neutral%20years.%20We%20also%20detected%20a%20significant%20difference%20in%20the%20relationship%20between%20phytoplankton%20primary%20production%20and%20photosynthetically%20active%20radiation%20between%20years%3A%20at%20similar%20irradiance%20and%20nutrient%20concentrations%2C%20productivity%20decreased%20during%20the%20warm%20events.%20Whether%20these%20changes%20resulted%20from%20species%20composition%20changes%20remains%20to%20be%20determined.%20Overall%2C%20our%20results%20suggest%20that%20the%20processes%20driving%20export%20remain%20similar%20during%20different%20climate%20conditions%2C%20but%20that%20species%20compositional%20changes%20or%20other%20structural%20changes%20require%20further%20attention.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222018%5C%2F10%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr.2018.07.012%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220967-0637%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22WJTCAXQW%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-11-18T21%3A57%3A06Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22989LRTLV%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Stephens%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A4%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EStephens%2C%20B.%20M.%2C%20Porrachia%2C%20M.%2C%20Dovel%2C%20S.%2C%20Roadman%2C%20M.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Aluwihare%2C%20L.%20I.%20%282018%29.%20Nonsinking%20Organic%20Matter%20Production%20in%20the%20California%20Current.%20%3Ci%3EGlobal%20Biogeochemical%20Cycles%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E32%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%289%29%2C%201386%26%23x2013%3B1405.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1029%5C%2F2018gb005930%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1029%5C%2F2018gb005930%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Nonsinking%20Organic%20Matter%20Production%20in%20the%20California%20Current%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stephens%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Porrachia%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dovel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Roadman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22L.%20I.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Aluwihare%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Productive%20eastern%20boundary%20upwelling%20systems%20such%20as%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20%28CCE%29%20are%20important%20regions%20for%20supporting%20both%20local%20and%20remote%20food%20webs.%20Several%20studies%20have%20reported%20on%20the%20temporal%20and%20spatial%20variability%20of%20primary%20production%20and%20gravitational%20export%20in%20the%20CCE.%20However%2C%20few%20studies%20have%20quantified%20the%20partitioning%20of%20net%20primary%20and%20new%20production%20into%20other%20reservoirs%20of%20detrital%20organic%20matter.%20This%20study%20tested%20the%20hypothesis%20that%20nonsinking%20detrital%20reservoirs%20are%20an%20exportable%20reservoir%20of%20new%20production%20in%20the%20CCE%20with%20samples%20collected%20by%20the%20California%20Cooperative%20Oceanic%20Fisheries%20Investigation%20survey%20between%202008%20and%202010.%20Water%20column%20gradients%20in%20nitrate%20%28NO3-%29%20and%20total%20organic%20carbon%20%28TOC%3B%20which%20excludes%20sinking%20particulate%20organic%20carbon%29%20were%20used%20to%20estimate%20potential%20rates%20of%20new%20production%20%28P-New%29%20and%20TOC%20production%20%28P-TOC%29%2C%20respectively.%20The%20P-TOC%3AP-New%20varied%20between%200.16%20and%200.56%20and%20often%20increased%20with%20indicators%20of%20enhanced%20autotrophic%20production.%20At%20times%2C%20surface%20stratification%20was%20also%20correlated%20with%20elevated%20P-TOC%3AP-New.%20In%20the%20most%20productive%2C%20inshore%20region%2C%20P-TOC%20exceeded%20previously%20reported%20sinking%20export%20rates%2C%20which%20identified%20TOC%20as%20a%20quantitatively%20significant%20repository%20of%20exportable%20carbon%20in%20the%20CCE.%20However%20the%20sum%20of%20P-TOC%20and%20sinking%20export%20for%20these%20productive%20regions%20was%20less%20than%20both%20P-New%20and%20oxygen-based%20estimates%20of%20net%20community%20production.%20These%20results%20imply%20that%20nonsinking%20reservoirs%20alone%20are%20not%20sufficient%20to%20explain%20observed%20imbalances%20between%20production%20and%20export%20for%20the%20most%20productive%20CCE%20regions.%20Plain%20Language%20Summary%20The%20ocean%27s%20biological%20pump%20is%20typically%20quantified%20as%20the%20organic%20carbon%20that%20quickly%20sinks%2C%20that%20is%2C%20is%20exported%2C%20out%20of%20the%20surface%20lighted%20zone%20to%20be%20subsequently%20sequestered%20in%20the%20deep%20ocean.%20Recent%20studies%20have%20shown%20that%20other%20forms%20of%20organic%20matter%20produced%20by%20phytoplankton%20can%20also%20contribute%20to%20carbon%20export.%20In%20this%20study%2C%20we%20quantified%20how%20much%20new%20production%20and%20net%20primary%20production%20was%20channeled%20into%20nonsinking%20reservoirs%20such%20as%20dissolved%20organic%20carbon%20and%20suspended%20particulate%20organic%20carbon%20in%20the%20productive%20eastern%20boundary%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem.%20To%20match%20the%20data%20coverage%20provided%20by%20our%20organic%20carbon%20measurements%20we%20used%20satellite%20data%20to%20calculate%20net%20primary%20production%20and%20used%20measured%20depth%20profiles%20of%20nitrate%20together%20with%20model-derived%20upwelling%20velocities%2C%20to%20determine%20new%20production.%20We%20quantified%20the%20amount%20of%20nonsinking%20organic%20matter%20that%20accumulated%20in%20surface%20waters%20following%20production%20and%20found%20that%20the%20timescale%20of%20accumulation%20enabled%20this%20reservoir%20to%20participate%20in%20export.%20In%20some%20regions%2C%20as%20much%20carbon%20was%20present%20in%20the%20accumulated%20nonsinking%20reservoir%20as%20was%20quantified%20as%20sinking%20particulate%20carbon.%20We%20also%20found%20that%20lateral%20export%20from%20the%20productive%20coastal%20region%20was%20a%20potentially%20important%20pathway%20that%20could%20carry%20nutrients%20and%20carbon%20in%20organic%20matter%20to%20less%20productive%20waters.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Sep%202018%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1029%5C%2F2018gb005930%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220886-6236%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QIYZ9CQ7%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-11-18T21%3A57%3A52Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22GE6DH2GW%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Lindegren%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A8%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ELindegren%2C%20M.%2C%20Checkley%2C%20D.%20M.%2C%20Koslow%2C%20J.%20A.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Ohman%2C%20M.%20D.%20%282018%29.%20Climate-mediated%20changes%20in%20marine%20ecosystem%20regulation%20during%20El%20Nino.%20%3Ci%3EGlobal%20Change%20Biology%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E24%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%282%29%2C%20796%26%23x2013%3B809.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fgcb.13993%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fgcb.13993%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Climate-mediated%20changes%20in%20marine%20ecosystem%20regulation%20during%20El%20Nino%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lindegren%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22D.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Checkley%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Koslow%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ohman%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20degree%20to%20which%20ecosystems%20are%20regulated%20through%20bottom-up%2C%20top-down%2C%20or%20direct%20physical%20processes%20represents%20a%20long-standing%20issue%20in%20ecology%2C%20with%20important%20consequences%20for%20resource%20management%20and%20conservation.%20In%20marine%20ecosystems%2C%20the%20role%20of%20bottom-up%20and%20top-down%20forcing%20has%20been%20shown%20to%20vary%20over%20spatio-temporal%20scales%2C%20often%20linked%20to%20highly%20variable%20and%20heterogeneously%20distributed%20environmental%20conditions.%20Ecosystem%20dynamics%20in%20the%20Northeast%20Pacific%20have%20been%20suggested%20to%20be%20predominately%20bottom-up%20regulated.%20However%2C%20it%20remains%20unknown%20to%20what%20extent%20top-down%20regulation%20occurs%2C%20or%20whether%20the%20relative%20importance%20of%20bottom-up%20and%20top-down%20forcing%20may%20shift%20in%20response%20to%20climate%20change.%20In%20this%20study%2C%20we%20investigate%20the%20effects%20and%20relative%20importance%20of%20bottom-up%2C%20top-down%2C%20and%20physical%20forcing%20during%20changing%20climate%20conditions%20on%20ecosystem%20regulation%20in%20the%20Southern%20California%20Current%20System%20%28SCCS%29%20using%20a%20generalized%20food%20web%20model.%20This%20statistical%20approach%20is%20based%20on%20nonlinear%20threshold%20models%20and%20a%20long-term%20data%20set%20%28similar%20to%2060years%29%20covering%20multiple%20trophic%20levels%20from%20phytoplankton%20to%20predatory%20fish.%20We%20found%20bottom-up%20control%20to%20be%20the%20primary%20mode%20of%20ecosystem%20regulation.%20However%2C%20our%20results%20also%20demonstrate%20an%20alternative%20mode%20of%20regulation%20represented%20by%20interacting%20bottom-up%20and%20top-down%20forcing%2C%20analogous%20to%20wasp-waist%20dynamics%2C%20but%20occurring%20across%20multiple%20trophic%20levels%20and%20only%20during%20periods%20of%20reduced%20bottom-up%20forcing%20%28i.e.%2C%20weak%20upwelling%2C%20low%20nutrient%20concentrations%2C%20and%20primary%20production%29.%20The%20shifts%20in%20ecosystem%20regulation%20are%20caused%20by%20changes%20in%20ocean-atmosphere%20forcing%20and%20triggered%20by%20highly%20variable%20climate%20conditions%20associated%20with%20El%20Nino.%20Furthermore%2C%20we%20show%20that%20biota%20respond%20differently%20to%20major%20El%20Nino%20events%20during%20positive%20or%20negative%20phases%20of%20the%20Pacific%20Decadal%20Oscillation%20%28PDO%29%2C%20as%20well%20as%20highlight%20potential%20concerns%20for%20marine%20and%20fisheries%20management%20by%20demonstrating%20increased%20sensitivity%20of%20pelagic%20fish%20to%20exploitation%20during%20El%20Nino.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222018%5C%2F02%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1111%5C%2Fgcb.13993%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221354-1013%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22WJTCAXQW%22%2C%22MS6TUV2B%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%2C%22RHMBACF2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-11-21T17%3A58%3A39Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22TD66VBU6%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Stukel%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A4%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EStukel%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20Song%2C%20H.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Miller%2C%20A.%20J.%20%282018%29.%20The%20role%20of%20subduction%20and%20gravitational%20sinking%20in%20particle%20export%2C%20carbon%20sequestration%2C%20and%20the%20remineralization%20length%20scale%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem.%20%3Ci%3ELimnology%20and%20Oceanography%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E63%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%20363%26%23x2013%3B383.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Flno.10636%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2Flno.10636%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20role%20of%20subduction%20and%20gravitational%20sinking%20in%20particle%20export%2C%20carbon%20sequestration%2C%20and%20the%20remineralization%20length%20scale%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stukel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22H.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Song%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Miller%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Particles%20and%20aggregates%20created%20in%20the%20surface%20layers%20of%20the%20ocean%20are%20transported%20not%20only%20by%20gravity%2C%20but%20also%20by%20the%20horizontal%20and%20vertical%20advection%20of%20the%20surrounding%20water.%20Subduction%2C%20in%20particular%2C%20can%20transport%20organic%20matter%20from%20the%20surface%20ocean%20to%20the%20mesopelagic%20in%20a%20manner%20that%20is%20not%20likely%20to%20be%20detected%20by%20typical%20in%20situ%20carbon%20export%20measurements%20%28e.g.%2C%20sediment%20traps%20and%20U-238-Th-234%20disequilibrium%29.%20To%20assess%20the%20importance%20of%20subduction%20to%20the%20biological%20pump%2C%20we%20combined%20in%20situ%20sediment%20trap%2C%20thorium%2C%20primary%20productivity%2C%20and%20particulate%20organic%20carbon%20%28POC%29%20measurements%20with%20a%20data-assimilative%20physical%20circulation%20model%20and%20a%20Lagrangian%20particle%20tracking%20model.%20We%20develop%20a%20simple%20parameterization%20of%20two%20alternative%20particle%20sinking%20processes%20%28Phytoplankton-Fecal%20Pellet%20%5BPFP%5D%20and%20Aggregation%29%20using%20results%20from%2013%20extensively%20sampled%20water%20parcels%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem.%20Both%20parameterizations%20suggested%20that%20subduction%20is%20an%20important%2C%20at%20times%20dominant%2C%20mechanism%20of%20POC%20vertical%20export%20in%20the%20region%20%28median%2044%25%20and%2023%25%20contribution%20to%20total%20POC%20export%20for%20PFP%20and%20Aggregate%20parameterizations%20at%20the%20100-m%20depth%20horizon%29.%20The%20percentage%20contribution%20of%20subduction%20was%20highly%20variable%20across%20water%20parcels%20%28ranging%20from%207%25%20to%2090%25%29%2C%20with%20subduction%20typically%20more%20important%20in%20offshore%2C%20oligotrophic%20regions.%20On%20average%20the%20fate%20of%20particles%20that%20are%20passively%20transported%20out%20of%20the%20surface%20layer%20by%20advection%20is%20different%20from%20that%20of%20particles%20that%20sink%20across%20the%20100-m%20depth%20horizon.%20Subducted%20particles%20were%20predominantly%20remineralized%20shallower%20than%20150%20m%2C%20while%20approximately%2050%25%20of%20gravitationally%20exported%20POC%20was%20remineralized%20at%20depths%20%3E%20500%20m.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222018%5C%2F01%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1002%5C%2Flno.10636%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220024-3590%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22R4DENPGW%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-01-09T23%3A48%3A11Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22IBHSQRZG%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Nezlin%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ENezlin%2C%20N.%20P.%2C%20McLaughlin%2C%20K.%2C%20Booth%2C%20J.%20A.%20T.%2C%20Cash%2C%20C.%20L.%2C%20Diehl%2C%20D.%20W.%2C%20Davis%2C%20K.%20A.%2C%20Feit%2C%20A.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Gully%2C%20J.%20R.%2C%20Howard%2C%20M.%20D.%20A.%2C%20Johnson%2C%20S.%2C%20Latker%2C%20A.%2C%20Mengel%2C%20M.%20J.%2C%20Robertson%2C%20G.%20L.%2C%20Steele%2C%20A.%2C%20Terriquez%2C%20L.%2C%20Washburn%2C%20L.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Weisberg%2C%20S.%20B.%20%282018%29.%20Spatial%20and%20temporal%20patterns%20of%20chlorophyll%20concentration%20in%20the%20Southern%20California%20Bight.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research-Oceans%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E123%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%20231%26%23x2013%3B245.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2F2017jc013324%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2F2017jc013324%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Spatial%20and%20temporal%20patterns%20of%20chlorophyll%20concentration%20in%20the%20Southern%20California%20Bight%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22N.%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nezlin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McLaughlin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Booth%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cash%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22D.%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Diehl%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Davis%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Feit%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gully%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20D.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Howard%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Johnson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Latker%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mengel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22G.%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Robertson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Steele%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Terriquez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Washburn%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weisberg%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Distinguishing%20between%20local%2C%20anthropogenic%20nutrient%20inputs%20and%20large-scale%20climatic%20forcing%20as%20drivers%20of%20coastal%20phytoplankton%20biomass%20is%20critical%20to%20developing%20effective%20nutrient%20management%20strategies.%20Here%20we%20assess%20the%20relative%20importance%20of%20these%20two%20drivers%20by%20comparing%20trends%20in%20chlorophyll-a%20between%20shallow%20coastal%20%280.1-16.5%20km%29%20and%20deep%20offshore%20%2817-700%20km%29%20areas%2C%20hypothesizing%20that%20coastal%20regions%20influenced%20by%20anthropogenic%20nutrient%20inputs%20may%20have%20different%20spatial%20and%20temporal%20patterns%20in%20chlorophyll-a%20concentration%20from%20offshore%20regions%20where%20coastal%20inputs%20are%20less%20influential.%20Quarterly%20conductivity-temperature-depth%20%28CTD%29%20fluorescence%20measurements%20collected%20from%20three%20southern%20California%20continental%20shelf%20regions%20since%201998%20were%20compared%20to%20chlorophyll-a%20data%20from%20the%20more%20offshore%20California%20Cooperative%20Fisheries%20Investigations%20%28CalCOFI%29%20program.%20The%20trends%20in%20the%20coastal%20zone%20were%20similar%20to%20those%20offshore%2C%20with%20a%20gradual%20increase%20of%20chlorophyll-a%20biomass%20and%20shallowing%20of%20its%20maximum%20layer%20since%20the%20beginning%20of%20observations%2C%20followed%20by%20chlorophyll-a%20declining%20and%20deepening%20from%202010%20to%20present.%20An%20exception%20was%20the%20northern%20coastal%20part%20of%20SCB%2C%20where%20chlorophyll-a%20continued%20increasing%20after%202010.%20The%20long-term%20increase%20in%20chlorophyll-a%20prior%20to%202010%20was%20correlated%20with%20increased%20nitrate%20concentrations%20in%20deep%20waters%2C%20while%20the%20recent%20decline%20was%20associated%20with%20deepening%20of%20the%20upper%20mixed%20layer%2C%20both%20linked%20to%20the%20low-frequency%20climatic%20cycles%20of%20the%20Pacific%20Decadal%20Oscillation%20and%20North%20Pacific%20Gyre%20Oscillation.%20These%20large-scale%20factors%20affecting%20the%20physical%20structure%20of%20the%20water%20column%20may%20also%20influence%20the%20delivery%20of%20nutrients%20from%20deep%20ocean%20outfalls%20to%20the%20euphotic%20zone%2C%20making%20it%20difficult%20to%20distinguish%20the%20effects%20of%20anthropogenic%20inputs%20on%20chlorophyll%20along%20the%20coast.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222018%5C%2F01%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1002%5C%2F2017jc013324%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222169-9275%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A57Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22QWI8NI5C%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Wells%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017-12%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A6%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EWells%2C%20B.%20K.%2C%20Schroeder%2C%20I.%20D.%2C%20Bograd%2C%20S.%20J.%2C%20Hazen%2C%20E.%20L.%2C%20Jacox%2C%20M.%20G.%2C%20Leising%2C%20A.%2C%20Mantua%2C%20N.%2C%20Santora%2C%20J.%20A.%2C%20Fisher%2C%20J.%2C%20Peterson%2C%20W.%20T.%2C%20Bjorkstedt%2C%20E.%2C%20Robertson%2C%20R.%20R.%2C%20Chavez%2C%20F.%20P.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Kudela%2C%20R.%2C%20Anderson%2C%20C.%2C%20Lavaniegos%2C%20B.%20E.%2C%20Gomez-Valdes%2C%20J.%2C%20Brodeur%2C%20R.%20D.%2C%20%26%23x2026%3B%20Thayre%2C%20B.%20%282017%29.%20State%20Of%20The%20California%20Current%202016-17%3A%20Still%20Anything%20But%20%26%23x201C%3BNormal%26%23x201D%3B%20In%20The%20North.%20%3Ci%3ECalifornia%20Cooperative%20Oceanic%20Fisheries%20Investigations%20Reports%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E58%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%201%26%23x2013%3B55.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22State%20Of%20The%20California%20Current%202016-17%3A%20Still%20Anything%20But%20%5C%22Normal%5C%22%20In%20The%20North%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wells%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22I.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schroeder%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bograd%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hazen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jacox%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Leising%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22N.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mantua%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Santora%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fisher%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bjorkstedt%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Robertson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22F.%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chavez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kudela%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Anderson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lavaniegos%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gomez-Valdes%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brodeur%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Daly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morgan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Auth%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Field%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sakuma%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McClatchie%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thompson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weber%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Watson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Suryan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Parrish%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dolliver%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Loredo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Porquez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zamon%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schneider%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Golightly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Warzybok%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bradley%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jahncke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sydeman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Melin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hildebrand%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Debich%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thayre%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22This%20report%20examines%20the%20ecosystem%20state%20of%20the%20California%20Current%20System%20%28CCS%29%20from%20spring%202016-spring%202017.%20Basin-scale%20indices%20suggest%20conditions%20that%20would%20support%20average%20to%20below%20average%20coast-wide%20production%20across%20the%20CCS%20during%20this%20time%20period.%20Regional%20surveys%20in%202016%20sampled%20anomalously%20warm%20surface%20and%20subsurface%20waters%20across%20the%20CCS.%20Chlorophyll%20concentrations%20were%20low%20across%20the%20CCS%20in%202016%20and%2C%20concomitant%20with%20that%2C%20copepod%20communities%20had%20an%20anomalously%20high%20abundance%20of%20subtropical%20species.%20Early%20in%202017%20conditions%20between%20northern%2C%20central%2C%20and%20southern%20CCS%20were%20dissimilar.%20Specifically%2C%20surface%20conditions%20north%20of%20Cape%20Mendocino%20remained%20anomalously%20warm%2C%20chlorophyll%20was%20very%20low%2C%20and%20subtropical%20copepods%20were%20anomalously%20abundant.%20Southern%20and%20central%20CCS%20surveys%20indicated%20that%20environmental%20conditions%20and%20chlorophyll%20were%20within%20normal%20ranges%20for%20the%20longer%20time%20series%2C%20supporting%20an%20argument%20that%20biophysical%20conditions%5C%2Fecosystem%20states%20in%20the%20southern%20and%20central%20CCS%20were%20close%20to%20normal.%20Epipelagic%20micronekton%20assemblages%20south%20of%20Cape%20Mendocino%20were%20generally%20close%20to%20longer-term%20average%20values%2C%20however%20the%20northern%20assemblages%20have%20not%20returned%20to%20a%20%5C%22normal%5C%22%20state%20following%20the%202014-15%20large%20marine%20heatwave%20and%202016%20El%20Nino.%20North%20of%20Cape%20Mendocino%20the%20epipelagic%20micronekton%20was%20largely%20composed%20of%20offshore%20and%20southern%20derived%20taxa.%20We%20hypothesize%20that%20stronger-than-typical%20winter%20downwelling%20in%202017%20and%20a%20reduced%20spawning%20biomass%20of%20forage%20taxa%20are%20contributors%20to%20the%20anomalous%20forage%20community%20observed%20in%20the%20north.%20Also%20of%20note%2C%20surveys%20indicate%20northern%20anchovy%20%28Engraulis%20mordax%29%20abundance%20was%20greater%20than%20average%20%28for%20recent%20years%29%20and%20nearer%20shore%20in%20northern%20regions.%20Finally%2C%20record-low%20juvenile%20coho%20and%20Chinook%20salmon%20catches%20in%20the%202017%20northern%20CCS%20salmon%20survey%20suggest%20that%20out-migrating%20Columbia%20Basin%20salmon%20likely%20experienced%20unusually%20high%20early%20mortality%20at%20sea%2C%20and%20this%20is%20further%20supported%20by%20similarities%20between%20the%202017%20forage%20assemblage%20and%20that%20observed%20during%20poor%20outmigration%20survival%20years%20in%202004%2C%202005%2C%20and%202015.%20Generally%2C%20the%20reproductive%20success%20of%20seabirds%20in%202016%20%28the%20most%20current%20year%20available%29%20was%20low%20in%20the%20north%20but%20near%20average%20in%20central%20California.%20At%20Yaquina%20Head%20off%20Oregon%20and%20Castle%20Rock%20off%20northern%20California%20some%20of%20the%20lowest%20reproductive%20success%20rates%20on%20record%20were%20documented.%20In%20addition%20to%20reduced%20abundance%20of%20prey%2C%20there%20was%20a%20northward%20shift%20of%20preferred%20seabird%20prey.%20Seabird%20diets%20in%20northern%20areas%20also%20corroborated%20observations%20of%20a%20northward%20shift%20in%20fish%20communities.%20Nest%20failure%20was%20attributed%20to%20a%20combination%20of%20bottom-up%20and%20top-down%20forces.%20At%20Castle%20Rock%2C%20most%20chicks%20died%20of%20starvation%20whereas%2C%20at%20Yaquina%20Head%2C%20most%20nests%20failed%20%2895%25%20of%20common%20murre%2C%20Uria%20aagle%29%20due%20to%20disturbance%20by%20bald%20eagles%20%28Haliaeetus%20leucocephalus%29%20seeking%20alternative%20prey.%20Mean%20bird%20densities%20at%20sea%20for%20the%202017%20surveys%20between%20Cape%20Flattery%20Washington%20and%20Newport%20Oregon%20were%20the%20lowest%20observed%20and%20may%20indicate%20continued%20poor%20reproductive%20performance%20of%20resident%20breeders%20in%202017.%20South%20of%20Cape%20Mendocino%2C%20where%20forage%20availability%20was%20typical%2C%20seabird%20reproductive%20success%20was%20also%20below%20average%20for%20most%20species%20in%202016%2C%20but%20did%20not%20approach%20failure%20rates%20observed%20in%20the%20north.%20Finally%2C%20in%202017%2C%20abundances%20of%20seabirds%20observed%20at-sea%20off%20southern%20California%20were%20anomalously%20high%20suggesting%20an%20improved%20foraging%20environment%20in%20that%20area.%20Marine%20mammal%20condition%20and%20foraging%20behavior%20were%20also%20impacted%20by%20the%20increased%20abundance%20and%20shifting%20distribution%20of%20the%20northern%20anchovy%20population.%20Increases%20in%20the%20abundance%20of%20northern%20anchovy%20in%20the%20Southern%20California%20Bight%20coincided%20with%20improved%20condition%20of%20sea%20lion%20%28Zalophus%20californianus%29%20pups%20in%202016.%20Namely%2C%20lipid-rich%20northern%20anchovy%20occurred%20in%20great%20frequencies%20in%20the%20nursing%20female%20diet.%20Increases%20in%20northern%20anchovy%20nearshore%20in%20the%20central%20and%20northern%20CCS%20may%20have%20also%20contributed%20to%20a%20shoreward%20shift%20in%20distribution%20of%20humpback%20whales%20%28Megaptera%20-novaeangliae%29%20in%20these%20regions.%20These%20shifts%20along%20with%20recovering%20humpback%20whale%20populations%20contributed%20to%20recent%20increases%20in%20human-whale%20interactions%20%28e.g.%2C%20fixed-gear%20entanglements%29.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222017%5C%2F12%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220575-3317%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22TKICNGLT%22%2C%22QHQXLQG9%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-01-09T23%3A49%3A44Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2262NJJWSH%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Stukel%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A12%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EStukel%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20Aluwihare%2C%20L.%20I.%2C%20Barbeau%2C%20K.%20A.%2C%20Chekalyuk%2C%20A.%20M.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Miller%2C%20A.%20J.%2C%20Ohman%2C%20M.%20D.%2C%20Ruacho%2C%20A.%2C%20Song%2C%20H.%2C%20Stephens%2C%20B.%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Landry%2C%20M.%20R.%20%282017%29.%20Mesoscale%20ocean%20fronts%20enhance%20carbon%20export%20due%20to%20gravitational%20sinking%20and%20subduction.%20%3Ci%3EProceedings%20of%20the%20National%20Academy%20of%20Sciences%20of%20the%20United%20States%20of%20America%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E114%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%286%29%2C%201252%26%23x2013%3B1257.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1073%5C%2Fpnas.1609435114%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1073%5C%2Fpnas.1609435114%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Mesoscale%20ocean%20fronts%20enhance%20carbon%20export%20due%20to%20gravitational%20sinking%20and%20subduction%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stukel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22L.%20I.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Aluwihare%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Barbeau%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chekalyuk%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Miller%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ohman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ruacho%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22H.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Song%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stephens%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Landry%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Enhanced%20vertical%20carbon%20transport%20%28gravitational%20sinking%20and%20subduction%29%20at%20mesoscale%20ocean%20fronts%20may%20explain%20the%20demonstrated%20imbalance%20of%20new%20production%20and%20sinking%20particle%20export%20in%20coastal%20upwelling%20ecosystems.%20Based%20on%20flux%20assessments%20from%20U-238%3ATh-234%20disequilibrium%20and%20sediment%20traps%2C%20we%20found%202%20to%203%20times%20higher%20rates%20of%20gravitational%20particle%20export%20near%20a%20deep-water%20front%20%28305%20mg%20C.m%28-2%29.d%28-1%29%29%20compared%20with%20adjacent%20water%20or%20to%20mean%20%28nonfrontal%29%20regional%20conditions.%20Elevated%20particle%20flux%20at%20the%20front%20wasmechanistically%20linked%20to%20Fe-stressed%20diatoms%20and%20high-mesozooplankton%20fecal%20pellet%20production.%20Using%20a%20data%20assimilative%20regional%20ocean%20model%20fit%20to%20measured%20conditions%2C%20we%20estimate%20that%20an%20additional%20similar%20to%20225%20mg%20C.m%28-2%29.d%28-1%29%20was%20exported%20as%20subduction%20of%20particle-rich%20water%20at%20the%20front%2C%20highlighting%20a%20transport%20mechanism%20that%20is%20not%20captured%20by%20sediment%20traps%20and%20is%20poorly%20quantified%20by%20most%20models%20and%20in%20situ%20measurements.%20Mesoscale%20fronts%20may%20be%20responsible%20for%20over%20a%20quarter%20of%20total%20organic%20carbon%20sequestration%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20and%20other%20coastal%20upwelling%20ecosystems.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222017%5C%2F02%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1073%5C%2Fpnas.1609435114%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220027-8424%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22QIYZ9CQ7%22%2C%22MWYMG4GN%22%2C%22FWE37XSJ%22%2C%22R4DENPGW%22%2C%22WJTCAXQW%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-04-10T22%3A50%3A01Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22HIW76MQX%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Lindegren%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A8%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ELindegren%2C%20M.%2C%20Checkley%2C%20D.%20M.%2C%20Ohman%2C%20M.%20D.%2C%20Koslow%2C%20J.%20A.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%20%282016%29.%20Resilience%20and%20stability%20of%20a%20pelagic%20marine%20ecosystem.%20%3Ci%3EProceedings%20of%20the%20Royal%20Society%20B-Biological%20Sciences%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E283%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281822%29.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1098%5C%2Frspb.2015.1931%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1098%5C%2Frspb.2015.1931%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Resilience%20and%20stability%20of%20a%20pelagic%20marine%20ecosystem%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lindegren%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22D.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Checkley%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ohman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Koslow%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20accelerating%20loss%20of%20biodiversity%20and%20ecosystem%20services%20worldwide%20has%20accentuated%20a%20long-standing%20debate%20on%20the%20role%20of%20diversity%20in%20stabilizing%20ecological%20communities%20and%20has%20given%20rise%20to%20a%20field%20of%20research%20on%20biodiversity%20and%20ecosystem%20functioning%20%28BEF%29.%20Although%20broad%20consensus%20has%20been%20reached%20regarding%20the%20positive%20BEF%20relationship%2C%20a%20number%20of%20important%20challenges%20remain%20unanswered.%20These%20primarily%20concern%20the%20underlying%20mechanisms%20by%20which%20diversity%20increases%20resilience%20and%20community%20stability%2C%20particularly%20the%20relative%20importance%20of%20statistical%20averaging%20and%20functional%20complementarity.%20Our%20understanding%20of%20these%20mechanisms%20relies%20heavily%20on%20theoretical%20and%20experimental%20studies%2C%20yet%20the%20degree%20to%20which%20theory%20adequately%20explains%20the%20dynamics%20and%20stability%20of%20natural%20ecosystems%20is%20largely%20unknown%2C%20especially%20in%20marine%20ecosystems.%20Using%20modelling%20and%20a%20unique%2060-year%20dataset%20covering%20multiple%20trophic%20levels%2C%20we%20show%20that%20the%20pronounced%20multi-decadal%20variability%20of%20the%20Southern%20California%20Current%20System%20%28SCCS%29%20does%20not%20represent%20fundamental%20changes%20in%20ecosystem%20functioning%2C%20but%20a%20linear%20response%20to%20key%20environmental%20drivers%20channelled%20through%20bottom-up%20and%20physical%20control.%20Furthermore%2C%20we%20show%20strong%20temporal%20asynchrony%20between%20key%20species%20or%20functional%20groups%20within%20multiple%20trophic%20levels%20caused%20by%20opposite%20responses%20to%20these%20drivers.%20We%20argue%20that%20functional%20complementarity%20is%20the%20primary%20mechanism%20reducing%20community%20variability%20and%20promoting%20resilience%20and%20stability%20in%20the%20SCCS.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016%5C%2F01%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1098%5C%2Frspb.2015.1931%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220962-8452%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22WJTCAXQW%22%2C%22MS6TUV2B%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%2C%22RHMBACF2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-06-23T16%3A18%3A16Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22DZ5BRP4S%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22McClatchie%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EMcClatchie%2C%20S.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20%2B42%20authors.%20%282016%29.%20State%20of%20the%20California%20Current%202015%26%23x2013%3B16%3A%20Comparisons%20with%20the%201997%26%23x2013%3B98%20El%20Ni%26%23xF1%3Bo.%20%3Ci%3ECalCOFI%20Reports%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E57%3C%5C%2Fi%3E.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22State%20of%20the%20California%20Current%202015%5Cu201316%3A%20Comparisons%20with%20the%201997%5Cu201398%20El%20Ni%5Cu00f1o%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McClatchie%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ralf%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22%2B42%20authors%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22TKICNGLT%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%2C%22X3U6WS3N%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-05-24T22%3A38%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22DQ3IM2TU%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Stukel%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222015-11%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A10%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EStukel%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20Kahru%2C%20M.%2C%20Benitez-Nelson%2C%20C.%20R.%2C%20D%26%23xE9%3Bcima%2C%20M.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Landry%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Ohman%2C%20M.%20D.%20%282015%29.%20Using%20Lagrangian-based%20process%20studies%20to%20test%20satellite%20algorithms%20of%20vertical%20carbon%20flux%20in%20the%20eastern%20North%20Pacific%20Ocean.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research-Oceans%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E120%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2811%29%2C%207208%26%23x2013%3B7222.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2F2015jc011264%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2F2015jc011264%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Using%20Lagrangian-based%20process%20studies%20to%20test%20satellite%20algorithms%20of%20vertical%20carbon%20flux%20in%20the%20eastern%20North%20Pacific%20Ocean%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stukel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kahru%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Benitez-Nelson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22D%5Cu00e9cima%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Landry%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ohman%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20biological%20carbon%20pump%20is%20responsible%20for%20the%20transport%20of%20similar%20to%205-20%20Pg%20C%20yr%28-1%29%20from%20the%20surface%20into%20the%20deep%20ocean%20but%20its%20variability%20is%20poorly%20understood%20due%20to%20an%20incomplete%20mechanistic%20understanding%20of%20the%20complex%20underlying%20planktonic%20processes.%20In%20fact%2C%20algorithms%20designed%20to%20estimate%20carbon%20export%20from%20satellite%20products%20incorporate%20fundamentally%20different%20assumptions%20about%20the%20relationships%20between%20plankton%20biomass%2C%20productivity%2C%20and%20export%20efficiency.%20To%20test%20the%20alternate%20formulations%20of%20export%20efficiency%20in%20remote-sensing%20algorithms%20formulated%20by%20Dunne%20et%20al.%20%282005%29%2C%20Laws%20et%20al.%20%282011%29%2C%20Henson%20et%20al.%20%282011%29%2C%20and%20Siegel%20et%20al.%20%282014%29%2C%20we%20have%20compiled%20in%20situ%20measurements%20%28temperature%2C%20chlorophyll%2C%20primary%20production%2C%20phytoplankton%20biomass%20and%20size%20structure%2C%20grazing%20rates%2C%20net%20chlorophyll%20change%2C%20and%20carbon%20export%29%20made%20during%20Lagrangian%20process%20studies%20on%20seven%20cruises%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20and%20Costa%20Rica%20Dome.%20A%20food-web%20based%20approach%20formulated%20by%20Siegel%20et%20al.%20%282014%29%20performs%20as%20well%20or%20better%20than%20other%20empirical%20formulations%2C%20while%20simultaneously%20providing%20reasonable%20estimates%20of%20protozoan%20and%20mesozooplankton%20grazing%20rates.%20By%20tuning%20the%20Siegel%20et%20al.%20%282014%29%20algorithm%20to%20match%20in%20situ%20grazing%20rates%20more%20accurately%2C%20we%20also%20obtain%20better%20in%20situ%20carbon%20export%20measurements.%20Adequate%20representations%20of%20food-web%20relationships%20and%20grazing%20dynamics%20are%20therefore%20crucial%20to%20improving%20the%20accuracy%20of%20export%20predictions%20made%20from%20satellite-derived%20products.%20Nevertheless%2C%20considerable%20unexplained%20variance%20in%20export%20remains%20and%20must%20be%20explored%20before%20we%20can%20reliably%20use%20remote%20sensing%20products%20to%20assess%20the%20impact%20of%20climate%20change%20on%20biologically%20mediated%20carbon%20sequestration.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222015%5C%2F11%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1002%5C%2F2015jc011264%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222169-9275%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22LYK5HL4W%22%2C%22FWE37XSJ%22%2C%22WJTCAXQW%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%2C%22DPYPUWVE%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-06-23T16%3A19%3A28Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%229H9CB4DU%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Brzezinski%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222015-07%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A8%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EBrzezinski%2C%20M.%20A.%2C%20Krause%2C%20J.%20W.%2C%20Bundy%2C%20R.%20M.%2C%20Barbeau%2C%20K.%20A.%2C%20Franks%2C%20P.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Landry%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Stukel%2C%20M.%20R.%20%282015%29.%20Enhanced%20silica%20ballasting%20from%20iron%20stress%20sustains%20carbon%20export%20in%20a%20frontal%20zone%20within%20the%20California%20Current.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research-Oceans%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E120%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%287%29%2C%204654%26%23x2013%3B4669.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2F2015jc010829%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2F2015jc010829%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Enhanced%20silica%20ballasting%20from%20iron%20stress%20sustains%20carbon%20export%20in%20a%20frontal%20zone%20within%20the%20California%20Current%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brzezinski%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Krause%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bundy%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Barbeau%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Franks%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Landry%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stukel%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Nutrient%20dynamics%2C%20phytoplankton%20rate%20processes%2C%20and%20export%20were%20examined%20in%20a%20frontal%20region%20between%20an%20anticyclone%20and%20a%20pair%20of%20cyclones%20120%20km%20off%20the%20coast%20in%20the%20southern%20California%20Current%20System%20%28sCCS%29.%20Low%20silicic%20acid%3A%20nitrate%20ratios%20%28Si%3AN%29%20and%20high%20nitrate%20to%20iron%20ratios%20%28N%3A%20Fe%29%20characteristic%20of%20Fe-limiting%20conditions%20in%20the%20sCCS%20were%20associated%20with%20the%20northern%20cyclone%20and%20with%20the%20transition%20zone%20between%20the%20cyclones%20and%20the%20anticyclone.%20Phytoplankton%20growth%20in%20low-Si%3AN%2C%20high-N%3AFe%20waters%20responded%20strongly%20to%20added%20Fe%2C%20confirming%20growth%20limitation%20by%20Fe%20of%20the%20diatom-dominated%20phytoplankton%20community.%20Low%20Si%3A%20N%20waters%20had%20low%20biogenic%20silica%20content%2C%20intermediate%20productivity%2C%20but%20high%20export%20compared%20to%20intermediate%20Si%3A%20N%20waters%20indicating%20increased%20export%20efficiency%20under%20Fe%20stress.%20Biogenic%20silica%20and%20particulate%20organic%20carbon%20%28POC%29%20export%20were%20both%20high%20beneath%20low%20Si%3A%20N%20waters%20with%20biogenic%20silica%20export%20being%20especially%20enhanced.%20This%20suggests%20that%20relatively%20high%20POC%20export%20from%20low%20Si%3A%20N%20waters%20was%20supported%20by%20silica%20ballasting%20from%20Fe-limited%20diatoms.%20Higher%20POC%20export%20efficiency%20in%20low%20Si%3A%20N%20waters%20may%20have%20been%20further%20enhanced%20by%20lower%20rates%20of%20organic%20carbon%20remineralization%20due%20to%20reduced%20grazing%20of%20more%20heavily%20armored%20diatoms%20growing%20under%20Fe%20stress.%20The%20results%20imply%20that%20Fe%20stress%20can%20enhance%20carbon%20export%2C%20despite%20lowering%20productivity%2C%20by%20driving%20higher%20export%20efficiency.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222015%5C%2F07%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1002%5C%2F2015jc010829%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222169-9275%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22MWYMG4GN%22%2C%22BZBPGKQB%22%2C%22FWE37XSJ%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-04-12T20%3A13%3A42Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22ZDCZSP2C%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Bograd%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222015-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A4%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EBograd%2C%20S.%20J.%2C%20Buil%2C%20M.%20P.%2C%20Di%20Lorenzo%2C%20E.%2C%20Castro%2C%20C.%20G.%2C%20Schroeder%2C%20I.%20D.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Anderson%2C%20C.%20R.%2C%20Benitez-Nelson%2C%20C.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Whitney%2C%20F.%20A.%20%282015%29.%20Changes%20in%20source%20waters%20to%20the%20Southern%20California%20Bight.%20%3Ci%3EDeep-Sea%20Research%20Part%20Ii-Topical%20Studies%20in%20Oceanography%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E112%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%2042%26%23x2013%3B52.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr2.2014.04.009%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr2.2014.04.009%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Changes%20in%20source%20waters%20to%20the%20Southern%20California%20Bight%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bograd%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Buil%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Di%20Lorenzo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Castro%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22I.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schroeder%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Anderson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Benitez-Nelson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22F.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Whitney%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Historical%20hydrographic%20data%20%281984-2012%29%20from%20the%20California%20Cooperative%20Oceanic%20Fisheries%20Investigations%20%28CalCOFI%29%20program%20and%20global%20reanalysis%20products%20were%20used%20to%20quantify%20recent%20water%20mass%20variability%20off%20the%20coast%20of%20Southern%20California.%20Dissolved%20oxygen%20concentrations%20continued%20to%20decline%20within%20the%20lower%20pycnocline%2C%20concurrent%20with%20strong%20increases%20in%20nitrate%20and%20phosphate%20that%20have%20spatial%20patterns%20matching%20those%20of%20dissolved%20oxygen.%20Silicic%20acid%20also%20shows%20an%20increasing%20trend%20in%20the%20offshore%20portion%20of%20the%20region%2C%20but%20has%20strong%20and%20opposing%20trends%20in%20the%20upper%20%28increasing%29%20and%20lower-pycnocline%20%28decreasing%29%20within%20the%20Southern%20California%20Bight.%20The%20varying%20rates%20of%20change%20in%20the%20inorganic%20nutrients%20yield%20a%20more%20complex%20pattern%20of%20variability%20in%20the%20nutrient%20ratios%2C%20resulting%20in%20large%20decreases%20in%20the%20N%3AP%20and%20Si%3AN%20ratios%20within%20the%20Southern%20California%20Bight%20at%20depths%20that%20provide%20source%20waters%20for%20upwelling.%20Basin-scale%20reanalysis%20products%20are%20consistent%20with%20low-frequency%20water%20mass%20changes%20observed%20off%20Southern%20California%20and%20suggest%20that%20advection%20of%20modified%20source%20waters%20is%20the%20cause%20of%20the%20variability.%20The%20biogeochemical%20changes%20described%20here%20may%20have%20important%20impacts%20on%20the%20regional%20ecosystem%2C%20including%20a%20reduction%20of%20viable%20pelagic%20habitat%20and%20community%20reorganization.%20Published%20by%20Elsevier%20Ltd.%20This%20is%20an%20open%20access%20article%20under%20the%20CC%20BY-NC-ND%20license%20%28http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fcreativecommons.org%5C%2Flicenses%5C%2Fby-nc-nd%5C%2F3.0%5C%2F%29.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222015%5C%2F02%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr2.2014.04.009%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220967-0645%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22TKICNGLT%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-04-29T22%3A43%3A54Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22TWAM5WKT%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Sydeman%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222015-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A6%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ESydeman%2C%20W.%20J.%2C%20Thompson%2C%20S.%20A.%2C%20Santora%2C%20J.%20A.%2C%20Koslow%2C%20J.%20A.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Ohman%2C%20M.%20D.%20%282015%29.%20Climate-ecosystem%20change%20off%20southern%20California%3A%20Time-dependent%20seabird%20predator-prey%20numerical%20responses.%20%3Ci%3EDeep-Sea%20Research%20Part%20Ii-Topical%20Studies%20in%20Oceanography%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E112%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20158%26%23x2013%3B170.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr2.2014.03.008%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr2.2014.03.008%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Climate-ecosystem%20change%20off%20southern%20California%3A%20Time-dependent%20seabird%20predator-prey%20numerical%20responses%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sydeman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thompson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Santora%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Koslow%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ohman%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Climate%20change%20may%20increase%20both%20stratification%20and%20upwelling%20in%20marine%20ecosystems%2C%20but%20these%20processes%20may%20affect%20productivity%20in%20opposing%20or%20complementary%20ways.%20For%20the%20Southern%20California%20region%20of%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20%28CCE%29%2C%20we%20hypothesized%20that%20changes%20in%20stratification%20and%20upwelling%20have%20affected%20marine%20bird%20populations%20indirectly%20through%20changes%20in%20prey%20availability.%20To%20test%20this%20hypothesis%2C%20we%20derived%20trends%20and%20associations%20between%20stratification%20and%20upwelling%2C%20the%20relative%20abundance%20of%20potential%20prey%20including%20krill%20and%20forage%20fish%2C%20and%20seabirds%20based%20on%20the%20long-term%2C%20multi-disciplinary%20CalCOFI%5C%2FCCE-LTER%20program.%20Over%20the%20period%201987%20through%202011%2C%20spring%20and%20summer%20seabird%20density%20%28all%20species%20combined%29%20declined%20by%20similar%20to%202%25%20per%20year%2C%20mostly%20in%20the%20northern%20sector%20of%20the%20study%20region.%20Krill%20showed%20variable%20trends%20with%20two%20species%20increasing%20and%20one%20deceasing%2C%20resulting%20in%20community%20reorganization.%20Nearshore%20forage%20fish%2C%20dominated%20by%20northern%20anchovy%20%28Engraulis%20mordax%29%20as%20well%20as%20offshore%20mesopelagic%20species%2C%20show%20declines%20in%20relative%20abundance%20over%20this%20period.%20The%20unidirectional%20decline%20in%20springtime%20seabird%20density%20is%20largely%20explained%20by%20declining%20nearshore%20fish%20abundance%20in%20the%20previous%20season%20%28winter%29.%20Interannual%20variability%20in%20seabird%20density%2C%20especially%20in%20the%202000s%2C%20is%20explained%20by%20variability%20in%20krill%20abundance.%20Changes%20in%20the%20numerical%20responses%20of%20seabirds%20to%20prey%20abundance%20correspond%20to%20a%20putative%20ecosystem%20shift%20in%201998-1999%20and%20support%20aspects%20of%20optimal%20foraging%20%28diet%29%20theory.%20Predator-prey%20interactions%20and%20numerical%20responses%20clearly%20explain%20aspects%20of%20the%20upper%20trophic%20level%20patterns%20of%20change%20in%20the%20pelagic%20ecosystem%20off%20southern%20California.%20%28C%29%202014%20Elsevier%20Ltd.%20All%20rights%20reserved.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222015%5C%2F02%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr2.2014.03.008%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220967-0645%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22WJTCAXQW%22%2C%22PY4MY9R2%22%2C%22RHMBACF2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-04-15T17%3A24%3A08Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2242BM2VF4%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Goericke%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222015-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3E%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Bograd%2C%20S.%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grundle%2C%20D.%20S.%20%282015%29.%20Denitrification%20and%20flushing%20of%20the%20Santa%20Barbara%20Basin%20bottom%20waters.%20%3Ci%3EDeep-Sea%20Research%20Part%20Ii-Topical%20Studies%20in%20Oceanography%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E112%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%2053%26%23x2013%3B60.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr2.2014.07.012%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr2.2014.07.012%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Denitrification%20and%20flushing%20of%20the%20Santa%20Barbara%20Basin%20bottom%20waters%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bograd%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22D.%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grundle%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20sediments%20of%20the%20Santa%20Barbara%20Basin%20%28SBB%29%20are%20an%20important%20paleoecological%20resource%20since%20their%20structure%20reflects%20the%20oxygenation%20of%20the%20bottom%20waters%20and%20the%20quality%20and%20quantity%20of%20the%20particulate%20matter%20which%20is%20sequestered%20to%20the%20bottom%20of%20the%20basin.%20These%20properties%20are%20controlled%20by%20regional%20atmospheric%20and%20oceanic%20climate.%20The%20California%20Cooperative%20Oceanic%20Fisheries%20Investigations%20%28CalCOFI%29%20program%20has%20been%20monitoring%20the%20bottom%20waters%20of%20the%20SBB%20on%20a%20regular%20basis%20since%201986.%20Over%20the%20last%20decade%2C%20properties%20of%20SBB%20bottom%20waters%20have%20undergone%20dramatic%20changes%3A%20low%20concentrations%20of%20nitrate%20were%20observed%20more%20frequently%20and%20concentrations%20of%20nitrite%2C%20at%20times%2C%20reached%20values%20of%207%20mu%20M%2C%20in%20contrast%20to%20maximum%20concentrations%20of%200.2%20mu%20M%20observed%20during%20the%20earlier%20time%20period.%20Here%20we%20study%20the%20links%20between%20regional%20climate%20and%20conditions%20at%20the%20bottom%20of%20the%20SBB%20by%20relating%20recent%20changes%20in%20bottom%20water%20chemistry%20to%20local%20and%20regional%20forcing%20of%20the%20basin.%20Varying%20rates%20of%20primary%20production%20of%20the%20overlying%20water%20or%20rates%20of%20export%20production%20were%20not%20significantly%20related%20to%20the%20observed%20biogeochemical%20changes%20in%20the%20basin.%20Rather%2C%20the%20frequency%20or%20rate%20of%20flushing%2C%20as%20inferred%20from%20phosphate%20concentration%20changes%20at%20the%20bottom%20of%20the%20basin%2C%20and%20decreasing%20concentrations%20of%20oxygen%20in%20the%20waters%20outside%20the%20basins%20could%20be%20related%20to%20the%20observed%20changes.%20The%20episodic%20more%20than%2010-fold%20increases%20of%20nitrite%20in%20the%20bottom%20waters%20likely%20represent%20a%20tipping%20point%20in%20the%20biogeochemical%20system%20driven%20by%20decreasing%20concentrations%20of%20oxygen%20in%20the%20bottom%20waters.%20%28C%29%202014%20Elsevier%20Ltd.%20All%20rights%20reserved.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222015%5C%2F02%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.dsr2.2014.07.012%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220967-0645%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A54Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2235CHIB76%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Leising%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222015-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ELeising%2C%20A.%20W.%2C%20Schroeder%2C%20I.%20D.%2C%20Bograd%2C%20S.%20J.%2C%20Abell%2C%20J.%2C%20Durazo%2C%20R.%2C%20Gaxiola-Castro%2C%20G.%2C%20Bjorkstedt%2C%20E.%20P.%2C%20Field%2C%20J.%2C%20Sakuma%2C%20K.%2C%20Robertson%2C%20R.%20R.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Peterson%2C%20W.%20T.%2C%20Brodeur%2C%20R.%2C%20Barcelo%2C%20C.%2C%20Auth%2C%20T.%20D.%2C%20Daly%2C%20E.%20A.%2C%20Suryan%2C%20R.%20M.%2C%20Gladics%2C%20A.%20J.%2C%20Porquez%2C%20J.%20M.%2C%20%26%23x2026%3B%20Warybok%2C%20P.%20%282015%29.%20State%20of%20the%20California%20Current%202014-15%3A%20Impacts%20of%20the%20warm-water%20%26%23x201C%3Bblob.%26%23x201D%3B%20%3Ci%3ECalifornia%20Cooperative%20Oceanic%20Fisheries%20Investigations%20Reports%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E56%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%2031%26%23x2013%3B68.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22State%20of%20the%20California%20Current%202014-15%3A%20Impacts%20of%20the%20warm-water%20%5C%22blob%5C%22%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Leising%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22I.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schroeder%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bograd%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Abell%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Durazo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gaxiola-Castro%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bjorkstedt%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Field%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sakuma%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Robertson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brodeur%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Barcelo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Auth%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Daly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Suryan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gladics%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Porquez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McClatchie%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weber%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Watson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Santora%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sydeman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Melin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22F.%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chavez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Golightly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schneider%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fisher%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morgan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bradley%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Warybok%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22In%202014%2C%20the%20California%20Current%20%28similar%20to%2028%20degrees-48%20degrees%20N%29%20saw%20average%2C%20or%20below%20average%2C%20coastal%20upwelling%20and%20relatively%20low%20productivity%20in%20most%20locations%2C%20except%20from%2038%20degrees-43%20degrees%20N%20during%20June%20and%20July.%20Chlorophyll-a%20levels%20were%20low%20throughout%20spring%20and%20summer%20at%20most%20locations%2C%20except%20in%20a%20small%20region%20around%2039%20degrees%20N.%20Catches%20of%20juvenile%20rockfish%20%28an%20indicator%20of%20upwelling-related%20fish%20species%29%20remained%20high%20throughout%20the%20area%20surveyed%20%2832%20degrees-43%20degrees%20N%29.%20In%20the%20fall%20of%202014%2C%20as%20upwelling%20ceased%2C%20many%20locations%20saw%20an%20unprecedented%20increase%20in%20sea%20surface%20temperatures%20%28anomalies%20as%20large%20as%204%20degrees%20C%29%2C%20particularly%20at%2045%20degrees%20N%20due%20to%20the%20coastal%20intrusion%20of%20an%20extremely%20anomalous%20pool%20of%20warm%20water.%20This%20warm%20surface%20anomaly%20had%20been%20building%20offshore%20in%20the%20Gulf%20of%20Alaska%20since%20the%20fall%20of%202013%2C%20and%20has%20been%20referred%20to%20as%20the%20%5C%22blob.%5C%22%20Values%20of%20the%20Pacific%20Decadal%20Oscillation%20index%20%28PDO%29%20continued%20to%20climb%20during%202014%2C%20indicative%20of%20the%20increase%20in%20warm%20coastal%20surface%20waters%2C%20whereas%20the%20North%20Pacific%20Gyre%20Oscillation%20index%20%28NPGO%29%20saw%20a%20slight%20rebound%20to%20more%20neutral%20values%20%28indicative%20of%20average%20productivity%20levels%29%20during%202014.%20During%20spring%202015%2C%20the%20upwelling%20index%20was%20slightly%20higher%20than%20average%20for%20locations%20in%20the%20central%20and%20northern%20region%2C%20but%20remained%20below%20average%20at%20latitudes%20south%20of%2035%20degrees%20N.%20Chlorophyll%20a%20levels%20were%20slightly%20higher%20than%20average%20in%20similar%20to%200.5%20degrees%20latitude%20patches%20north%20of%2035%20degrees%20N%2C%20whereas%20productivity%20and%20phytoplankton%20biomass%20were%20low%20south%20of%20Pt.%20Conception.%20Catches%20of%20rockfish%20remained%20high%20along%20most%20of%20the%20coast%2C%20however%2C%20market%20squid%20remained%20high%20only%20within%20the%20central%20coast%20%2836%20degrees-38%20degrees%20N%29%2C%20and%20euphausiid%20abundance%20decreased%20everywhere%2C%20as%20compared%20to%20the%20previous%20year.%20Sardine%20and%20anchovy%20were%20nearly%20absent%20from%20the%20southern%20portion%20of%20the%20California%20Current%20system%20%28CCS%29%2C%20whereas%20their%20larvae%20were%20found%20off%20the%20coast%20of%20Oregon%20and%20Washington%20during%20winter%20for%20the%20first%20time%20in%20many%20years.%20Waters%20warmed%20dramatically%20in%20the%20southern%20California%20region%20due%20to%20a%20change%20in%20wind%20patterns%20similar%20to%20that%20giving%20rise%20to%20the%20blob%20in%20the%20broader%20northeast%20Pacific.%20For%20most%20of%20the%20coast%2C%20there%20were%20intrusions%20of%20species%20never%20found%20before%20or%20found%20at%20much%20higher%20abundances%20than%20usual%2C%20including%20fish%2C%20crustaceans%2C%20tunicates%20and%20other%20gelatinous%20zooplankton%2C%20along%20with%20other%20species%20often%20indicative%20of%20an%20El%20Nino.%20Thus%20species%20richness%20was%20high%20in%20many%20areas%20given%20the%20close%20juxtaposition%20of%20coastal%20upwelling-related%20species%20with%20the%20offshore%20warm-water%20intrusive%20or%20El%20Nino-typical%20taxa.%20Thus%20the%20California%20Current%20by%202015%20appears%20to%20have%20transitioned%20to%20a%20very%20different%20state%20than%20previous%20observations.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222015%5C%2F01%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220575-3317%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A56Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%222APKSQV6%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22McClatchie%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222014-12%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EMcClatchie%2C%20S.%2C%20Duffy-Anderson%2C%20J.%2C%20Field%2C%20J.%20C.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Griffith%2C%20D.%2C%20Hanisko%2C%20D.%20S.%2C%20Hare%2C%20J.%20A.%2C%20Lyczkowski-Shultz%2C%20J.%2C%20Peterson%2C%20W.%20T.%2C%20Watson%2C%20W.%2C%20Weber%2C%20E.%20D.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Zapfe%2C%20G.%20%282014%29.%20Long%20time%20series%20in%20U.S.%20fisheries%20oceanography.%20%3Ci%3EOceanography%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E27%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%284%29%2C%2048%26%23x2013%3B67.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.5670%5C%2Foceanog.2014.86%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.5670%5C%2Foceanog.2014.86%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Long%20time%20series%20in%20U.S.%20fisheries%20oceanography%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McClatchie%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Duffy-Anderson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Field%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Griffith%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22D.%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hanisko%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hare%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lyczkowski-Shultz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Watson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weber%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zapfe%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Few%20fisheries%20oceanography%20surveys%20in%20the%20United%20States%20have%20sampled%20hydrography%20and%20ichthyoplankton%20or%20juvenile%20fishes%20for%2015%20years%20or%20more.%20We%20describe%20six%20long%20time%20series%20surveys%2C%20including%20three%20from%20the%20California%20Current%20System%2C%20and%20one%20each%20from%20Alaska%20%28Gulf%20of%20Alaska%2C%20Bering%20Sea%2C%20and%20the%20Arctic%29%2C%20the%20Northeast%20US%20Shelf%2C%20and%20the%20Gulf%20of%20Mexico.%20We%20examine%20the%20applications%20of%20long%20time%20series%20data%20as%20well%20as%20the%20output%20of%20published%20analyses%2C%20Web-based%20graphical%20summaries%2C%20and%20quality%20controlled%20data%20to%20the%20broader%20scientific%20community%20%28including%20resource%20managers%20and%20stakeholders%29.%20Potential%20improvements%20to%20the%20surveys%20using%20new%20technologies%20are%20evaluated%2C%20and%20possible%20changes%20in%20survey%20design%20are%20discussed.%20We%20conclude%20with%20a%20summary%20of%20the%20benefits%20derived%20from%20these%20long%20time%20series%20fisheries%20oceanography%20surveys%20and%20make%20the%20case%20for%20their%20continuation.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222014%5C%2F12%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.5670%5C%2Foceanog.2014.86%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221042-8275%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A56Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%224UJYZJ49%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Wang%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222014-04%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EWang%2C%20S.%20Y.%2C%20Lambert%2C%20W.%2C%20Giang%2C%20S.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Palenik%2C%20B.%20%282014%29.%20Microalgal%20assemblages%20in%20a%20poikilohaline%20pond.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Phycology%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E50%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%282%29%2C%20303%26%23x2013%3B309.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fjpy.12158%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fjpy.12158%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Microalgal%20assemblages%20in%20a%20poikilohaline%20pond%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20Y.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lambert%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Giang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Palenik%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Microalgal%20strains%20for%20algal%20biofuels%20production%20in%20outdoor%20ponds%20will%20need%20to%20have%20high%20net%20growth%20rates%20under%20diverse%20environmental%20conditions.%20A%20small%2C%20variable%20salinity%20pond%20in%20the%20San%20Elijo%20Lagoon%20estuary%20in%20southern%20California%20was%20chosen%20to%20serve%20as%20a%20model%20pond%20due%20to%20its%20routinely%20high%20chlorophyll%20content.%20Profiles%20of%20microalgal%20assemblages%20from%20water%20samples%20collected%20from%20April%202011%20to%20January%202012%20were%20obtained%20by%20constructing%2018S%20rDNA%20environmental%20clone%20libraries.%20Pond%20assemblages%20were%20found%20to%20be%20dominated%20by%20green%20algae%20Picochlorum%20sp.%20and%20Picocystis%20sp.%20throughout%20the%20year.%20Pigment%20analysis%20suggested%20that%20the%20two%20species%20contributed%20most%20of%20the%20chlorophyll%20a%20of%20the%20pond%2C%20which%20ranged%20from%2021.9%20to%20664.3%20mu%20g%20center%20dot%20L-1%20with%20the%20Picocystis%20contribution%20increasing%20at%20higher%20salinities.%20However%2C%20changes%20of%20temperature%2C%20salinity%20or%20irradiance%20may%20have%20enabled%20a%20bloom%20of%20the%20diatom%20Chaetoceros%20sp.%20in%20June%202011.%20Isolates%20of%20these%20microalgae%20were%20obtained%20and%20their%20growth%20rates%20characterized%20as%20a%20function%20of%20temperature%20and%20salinity.%20Chaetoceros%20sp.%20had%20the%20highest%20growth%20rate%20over%20the%20temperature%20test%20range%20while%20it%20showed%20the%20most%20sensitivity%20to%20high%20salinity.%20All%20three%20strains%20showed%20the%20presence%20of%20lipid%20bodies%20during%20nitrogen%20starvation%2C%20suggesting%20they%20have%20potential%20as%20future%20biofuels%20strains.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222014%5C%2F04%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1111%5C%2Fjpy.12158%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220022-3646%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A59Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22STVLT2EZ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Wells%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222013-12%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EWells%2C%20B.%20K.%2C%20Schroeder%2C%20I.%20D.%2C%20Santora%2C%20J.%20A.%2C%20Hazen%2C%20E.%20L.%2C%20Bograd%2C%20S.%20J.%2C%20Bjorkstedt%2C%20E.%20P.%2C%20Loeb%2C%20V.%20J.%2C%20McClatchie%2C%20S.%2C%20Weber%2C%20E.%20D.%2C%20Watson%2C%20W.%2C%20Thompson%2C%20A.%20R.%2C%20Peterson%2C%20W.%20T.%2C%20Brodeur%2C%20R.%20D.%2C%20Harding%2C%20J.%2C%20Field%2C%20J.%2C%20Sakuma%2C%20K.%2C%20Hayes%2C%20S.%2C%20Mantua%2C%20N.%2C%20Sydeman%2C%20W.%20J.%2C%20%26%23x2026%3B%20Abell%2C%20J.%20%282013%29.%20State%20of%20the%20California%20current%202012-13%3A%20No%20such%20thing%20as%20an%20%26%23x201C%3Baverage%26%23x201D%3B%20year.%20%3Ci%3ECalifornia%20Cooperative%20Oceanic%20Fisheries%20Investigations%20Reports%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E54%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%2037%26%23x2013%3B71.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22State%20of%20the%20California%20current%202012-13%3A%20No%20such%20thing%20as%20an%20%5C%22average%5C%22%20year%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wells%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22I.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schroeder%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Santora%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hazen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bograd%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bjorkstedt%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22V.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Loeb%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McClatchie%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weber%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Watson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thompson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brodeur%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Harding%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Field%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sakuma%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hayes%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22N.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mantua%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sydeman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Losekoot%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thompson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Largier%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20Y.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kim%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22F.%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chavez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Barcelo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Warzybok%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bradley%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jahncke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22G.%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Campbell%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hildebrand%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Melin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Delong%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gomez-Valdes%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lavaniegos%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gaxiola-Castro%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Golightly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schneider%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22N.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Suryan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gladics%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Horton%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fisher%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morgan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Daly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Auth%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Abell%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22This%20report%20reviews%20the%20state%20of%20the%20California%20Current%20System%20%28CCS%29%20between%20winter%202012%20and%20spring%202013%2C%20and%20includes%20observations%20from%20Washington%20State%20to%20Baja%20California.%20During%202012%2C%20large-scale%20climate%20modes%20indicated%20the%20CCS%20remained%20in%20a%20cool%2C%20productive%20phase%20present%20since%202007.%20The%20upwelling%20season%20was%20delayed%20north%20of%2042%20degrees%20N%2C%20but%20regions%20to%20the%20south%2C%20especially%2033%20degrees%20to%2036%20degrees%20N%2C%20experienced%20average%20to%20above%20average%20upwelling%20that%20persisted%20throughout%20the%20summer.%20Contrary%20to%20the%20indication%20of%20high%20production%20suggested%20by%20the%20climate%20indices%2C%20chlorophyll%20observed%20from%20surveys%20and%20remote%20sensing%20was%20below%20average%20along%20much%20of%20the%20coast.%20As%20well%2C%20some%20members%20of%20the%20forage%20assemblages%20along%20the%20coast%20experienced%20low%20abundances%20in%202012%20surveys.%20Specifically%2C%20the%20concentrations%20of%20all%20life-stages%20observed%20directly%20or%20from%20egg%20densities%20of%20Pacific%20sardine%2C%20Sardinops%20sagax%2C%20and%20northern%20anchovy%2C%20Engraulis%20mordax%2C%20were%20less%20than%20previous%20years%27%20survey%20estimates.%20However%2C%202013%20surveys%20and%20observations%20indicate%20an%20increase%20in%20abundance%20of%20northern%20anchovy.%20During%20winter%202011%5C%2F2012%2C%20the%20increased%20presence%20of%20northern%20copepod%20species%20off%20northern%20California%20was%20consistent%20with%20stronger%20southward%20transport.%20Krill%20and%20small-fraction%20zooplankton%20abundances%2C%20where%20examined%2C%20were%20generally%20above%20average.%20North%20of%2042%20degrees%20N%2C%20salps%20returned%20to%20typical%20abundances%20in%202012%20after%20greater%20observed%20concentrations%20in%202010%20and%202011.%20In%20contrast%2C%20salp%20abundance%20off%20central%20and%20southern%20California%20increased%20after%20a%20period%20of%20southward%20transport%20during%20winter%202011%5C%2F2012.%20Reproductive%20success%20of%20piscivorous%20Brandt%27s%20cormorant%2C%20Phalacrocorax%20penicillatus%2C%20was%20reduced%20while%20planktivorous%20Cassin%27s%20auklet%2C%20Ptychoramphus%20aleuticus%20was%20elevated.%20Differences%20between%20the%20productivity%20of%20these%20two%20seabirds%20may%20be%20related%20to%20the%20available%20forage%20assemblage%20observed%20in%20the%20surveys.%20California%20sea%20lion%20pups%20from%20San%20Miguel%20Island%20were%20undernourished%20resulting%20in%20a%20pup%20mortality%20event%20perhaps%20in%20response%20to%20changes%20in%20forage%20availability.%20Limited%20biological%20data%20were%20available%20for%20spring%202013%2C%20but%20strong%20winter%20upwelling%20coastwide%20indicated%20an%20early%20spring%20transition%2C%20with%20the%20strong%20upwelling%20persisting%20into%20early%20summer.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222013%5C%2F12%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220575-3317%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A59Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22B4K77PZH%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ohman%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222013-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EOhman%2C%20M.%20D.%2C%20Barbeau%2C%20K.%2C%20Franks%2C%20P.%20J.%20S.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Landry%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Miller%2C%20A.%20J.%20%282013%29.%20Ecological%20transitions%20in%20a%20coastal%20upwelling%20ecosystem.%20%3Ci%3EOceanography%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E26%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%283%29%2C%20210%26%23x2013%3B219.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Ecological%20transitions%20in%20a%20coastal%20upwelling%20ecosystem%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ohman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Barbeau%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22P.%20J.%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Franks%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Landry%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Miller%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20southern%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20%28CCE%29%20is%20a%20dynamic%20eastern%20boundary%20current%20ecosystem%20that%20is%20forced%20by%20ocean-atmosphere%20variability%20on%20interannual%2C%20multidecadal%2C%20and%20long-term%20secular%20time%20scales.%20Recent%20evidence%20suggests%20that%20apparent%20abrupt%20transitions%20in%20ecosystem%20conditions%20reflect%20linear%20tracking%20of%20the%20physical%20environment%20rather%20than%20oscillations%20between%20alternative%20preferred%20states.%20A%20space-for-time%20exchange%20is%20one%20approach%20that%20permits%20use%20of%20natural%20spatial%20variability%20in%20the%20CCE%20to%20develop%20a%20mechanistic%20understanding%20needed%20to%20project%20future%20temporal%20changes.%20The%20role%20of%20%28sub%29mesoscale%20frontal%20systems%20in%20altering%20rates%20of%20nutrient%20transport%2C%20primary%20and%20secondary%20production%2C%20export%20fluxes%2C%20and%20the%20rates%20of%20encounters%20between%20predators%20and%20prey%20is%20an%20issue%20central%20to%20this%20pelagic%20ecosystem%20and%20its%20future%20trajectory%20because%20the%20occurrence%20of%20such%20frontal%20features%20is%20increasing.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222013%5C%2F09%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221042-8275%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A57Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22737HYWE5%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Munro%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222013-07%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EMunro%2C%20D.%20R.%2C%20Quay%2C%20P.%20D.%2C%20Juranek%2C%20L.%20W.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%20%282013%29.%20Biological%20production%20rates%20off%20the%20Southern%20California%20coast%20estimated%20from%20triple%20O-2%20isotopes%20and%20O-2%26%23x202F%3B%3A%20Ar%20gas%20ratios.%20%3Ci%3ELimnology%20and%20Oceanography%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E58%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%284%29%2C%201312%26%23x2013%3B1328.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.4319%5C%2Flo.2013.58.4.1312%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.4319%5C%2Flo.2013.58.4.1312%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Biological%20production%20rates%20off%20the%20Southern%20California%20coast%20estimated%20from%20triple%20O-2%20isotopes%20and%20O-2%20%3A%20Ar%20gas%20ratios%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22D.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Munro%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22P.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Quay%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22L.%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Juranek%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20isotopic%20composition%20of%20dissolved%20O-2%20%28%2817%29Delta%29%20and%20the%20biological%20O-2%20saturation%20from%20O-2%20%3A%20Ar%20ratios%20were%20measured%20in%20the%20surface%20ocean%20during%20six%20cruises%20off%20the%20coast%20of%20southern%20California%20from%20November%202005%20to%20August%202008%20to%20determine%20rates%20of%20gross%20oxygen%20production%20%28GOP%29%2C%20net%20oxygen%20production%20%28NOP%29%2C%20and%20the%20NOP%3AGOP%20ratio%20%28a%20measure%20of%20potential%20export%20efficiency%29.%20In%20the%20mixed%20layer%2C%20%2817%29Delta%20of%20dissolved%20O-2%20%2817%20Delta%28diss%29%29%20ranged%20from%2024%20to%20108%20per%20meg%20and%20biological%20O-2%20saturation%20ranged%20from%20101%25%20to%20113%25%20for%20all%20regions%20and%20cruises.%20Mixed-layer%20%2817%29Delta-GOP%20ranged%20from%2049%20%2B%5C%2F-%2023%20mmol%20O-2%20m%28-2%29%20d%28-1%29%20to%20533%20%2B%5C%2F-%20185%20mmol%20O-2%20m%28-2%29%20d%28-1%29%20with%20an%20annual%20mean%20for%20the%20California%20Cooperative%20Oceanic%20Fisheries%20Investigations%20%28CalCOFI%29%20grid%20of%20151%20%2B%5C%2F-%2059%20mmol%20O-2%20m%28-2%29%20d%28-1%29.%20Mixed-layer%20O-2%20%3A%20Ar-NOP%20ranged%20from%208%20%2B%5C%2F-%206%20mmol%20O-2%20m%28-2%29%20d%28-1%29%20to%20135%20%2B%5C%2F-%2031%20mmol%20O-2%20m%28-2%29d%28-1%29%20with%20an%20annual%20mean%20of%2025%20%2B%5C%2F-%208%20mmol%20O-2%20m%28-2%29%20d%28-1%29%2C%20implying%20that%20the%20CalCOFI%20grid%20is%20autotrophic%20year-round.%20%2817%29Delta-GOP%20estimates%20were%20consistently%20greater%20than%20on-deck%20incubation-based%20C-14-primary%20production%20%28C-14-PP%29%20by%20a%20factor%20of%205.6%20%2B%5C%2F-%206%200.4%20and%20greater%20than%20satellite%20PP%20estimates%20by%20a%20factor%20of%203.5%20%2B%5C%2F-%200.3%20%28mmol%20O-2%20%3A%20mmol%20C%29.%20The%20%2817%29Delta-GOP%20to%20C-14-PP%20factor%20was%20twice%20the%20expected%20factor%20of%202.7%20determined%20from%20comparisons%20of%20incubation-based%20O-18-GOP%20and%20C-14-PP.%20The%20annual%20mean%20NOP%3A%20GOP%20ratio%20was%200.16%20%2B%5C%2F-%200.06%2C%20suggesting%20a%20potential%20export%20efficiency%20that%20is%20surprisingly%20similar%20to%20the%20open%20ocean%20using%20comparable%20methods.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222013%5C%2F07%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.4319%5C%2Flo.2013.58.4.1312%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220024-3590%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A57Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22L6QPV5NT%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Anthony%20Koslow%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222013-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAnthony%20Koslow%2C%20J.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Watson%2C%20W.%20%282013%29.%20Fish%20assemblages%20in%20the%20Southern%20California%20Current%3A%20relationships%20with%20climate%2C%201951%26%23x2013%3B2008.%20%3Ci%3EFisheries%20Oceanography%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E22%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%283%29%2C%20207%26%23x2013%3B219.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Ffog.12018%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Ffog.12018%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Fish%20assemblages%20in%20the%20Southern%20California%20Current%3A%20relationships%20with%20climate%2C%201951%5Cu20132008%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Anthony%20Koslow%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ralf%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22William%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Watson%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22We%20examined%20the%20dominant%20patterns%20of%20variability%20in%20the%20fish%20fauna%20of%20the%20southern%20California%20Current%20based%20on%20a%20principal%20component%20%28PC%29%20analysis%20of%20the%20California%20Cooperative%20Oceanic%20Fisheries%20Investigations%20ichthyoplankton%20data%20set%2C%201951%5Cu20132008.%20Eighty-six%20taxa%20were%20analyzed%2C%20including%20all%20ecologically%20dominant%20fish%20species%2C%20both%20exploited%20and%20unexploited.%20The%20first%20three%20PCs%20accounted%20for%2020.5%2C%2012.4%20and%206.8%25%20of%20the%20variance%20of%20the%20data%2C%20respectively%20%28total%3A%2039.7%25%29.%20Each%20was%20dominated%20by%20taxa%20from%20particular%20adult%20or%20larval%20habitats.%20PC%201%20predominantly%20represented%20the%20coherent%20response%20of%2024%20mesopelagic%20taxa%20from%2010%20families%20and%20was%20most%20highly%20correlated%20with%20long-term%20trends%20in%20midwater%20oxygen%20levels.%20PC%202%20was%20dominated%20by%20six%20of%20the%20seven%20most%20abundant%20ichthyoplankton%20taxa%20in%20the%20region%2C%20predominantly%20California%20Current%20endemics%20including%20key%20pelagic%20species%20%28northern%20anchovy%2C%20Pacific%20sardine%20and%20Pacific%20hake%29%2C%20rockfishes%20%28genus%20Sebastes%29%20and%20two%20midwater%20taxa.%20It%20was%20correlated%20primarily%20with%20sea%20surface%20temperature%20and%20exhibited%20a%20significant%20declining%20trend.%20PC%203%20was%20dominated%20by%20coastal%20and%20reef-associated%20fishes%20with%20predominantly%20southerly%20affinities.%20It%20was%20positively%20correlated%20with%20sea%20surface%20temperature%20and%20sea%20level%20height%2C%20a%20proxy%20for%20diminished%20flow%20of%20the%20California%20Current.%20The%20taxa%20dominating%20PCs%202%20and%203%20mostly%20spatially%20co-occur%20as%20ichthyoplankton.%20These%20results%20suggest%20that%20fish%20assemblages%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20are%20predominantly%20influenced%20by%20environmental%20forcing%20of%20their%20ocean%20habitats%20as%20adults%20or%20larvae%2C%20or%20both.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222013%5C%2F02%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1111%5C%2Ffog.12018%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221365-2419%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A52Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%224TXGJN6I%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Bjorkstedt%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222012-12%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EBjorkstedt%2C%20E.%20P.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20McClatchie%2C%20S.%2C%20Weber%2C%20E.%2C%20Watson%2C%20W.%2C%20Lo%2C%20N.%2C%20Peterson%2C%20W.%20T.%2C%20Brodeur%2C%20R.%20D.%2C%20Auth%2C%20T.%2C%20Fisher%2C%20J.%2C%20Morgan%2C%20C.%2C%20Peterson%2C%20J.%2C%20Largier%2C%20J.%2C%20Bograd%2C%20S.%20J.%2C%20Durazo%2C%20R.%2C%20Gaxiola-Castro%2C%20G.%2C%20Lavaniegos%2C%20B.%2C%20Chavez%2C%20F.%20P.%2C%20Collins%2C%20C.%20A.%2C%20%26%23x2026%3B%20Abell%2C%20J.%20%282012%29.%20STATE%20OF%20THE%20CALIFORNIA%20CURRENT%202011-2012%3A%20ECOSYSTEMS%20RESPOND%20TO%20LOCAL%20FORCING%20AS%20LA%20NINA%20WAVERS%20AND%20WANES.%20%3Ci%3ECalifornia%20Cooperative%20Oceanic%20Fisheries%20Investigations%20Reports%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E53%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%2041%26%23x2013%3B76.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22STATE%20OF%20THE%20CALIFORNIA%20CURRENT%202011-2012%3A%20ECOSYSTEMS%20RESPOND%20TO%20LOCAL%20FORCING%20AS%20LA%20NINA%20WAVERS%20AND%20WANES%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bjorkstedt%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McClatchie%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weber%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Watson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22N.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brodeur%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Auth%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fisher%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morgan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Largier%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bograd%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Durazo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gaxiola-Castro%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lavaniegos%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22F.%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chavez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Collins%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hannah%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Field%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sakuma%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Satterthwaite%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22O%27Farrell%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hayes%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Harding%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sydeman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thompson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Warzybok%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bradley%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jahncke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Golightly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schneider%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Suryan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gladics%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Horton%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20Y.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kim%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Melin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22DeLong%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Abell%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20state%20of%20the%20California%20Current%20System%20%28CCS%29%20since%20spring%202011%20has%20evolved%20in%20response%20to%20dissipation%20of%20La%20Nina%20through%20spring%20and%20summer%2C%20resurgence%20of%20cooler%20La%20Nina%20conditions%20in%20fall%20and%20winter%2C%20and%20finally%20a%20transition%20towards%20ENSO-neutral%20conditions%20in%20spring%202012.%20The%20resurgence%20of%20La%20Nina%20was%20uneven%2C%20however%2C%20as%20indicated%20by%20variable%20responses%20in%20broad%20climate%20indices%20such%20as%20the%20Pacific%20Decadal%20Oscillation%20and%20the%20multi-variate%20ENSO%20index%2C%20and%20by%20latitudinal%20variability%20in%20the%20timing%2C%20strength%2C%20and%20duration%20of%20upwelling%20relative%20to%20climatological%20means.%20Across%20the%20CCS%2C%20various%20measures%20of%20ecosystem%20productivity%20exhibited%20a%20general%20decline%20in%202011%20relative%20to%202010%2C%20but%20the%20magnitude%20of%20these%20declines%20varied%20substantially%20among%20taxa.%20Available%20observations%20indicate%20regional%20variability%20in%20climate%20forcing%20and%20ecosystem%20responses%20throughout%20the%20CCS%2C%20continuing%20a%20pattern%20that%20has%20emerged%20with%20increasing%20clarity%20over%20the%20past%20several%20years.%20In%202011-12%2C%20regional%20variability%20was%20again%20a%20consequence%20of%20southern%20regions%20exhibiting%20a%20relatively%20mild%20response%20to%20climate%20forcing%2C%20in%20this%20case%20tending%20towards%20climatological%20means%2C%20while%20northern%20regions%20showed%20somewhat%20greater%20effects%20of%20delayed%20or%20weaker-than-normal%20upwelling.%20In%20addition%20to%20the%20effects%20of%20local%20and%20basin-scale%20forcing%2C%20long-term%20observations%20off%20southern%20California%20show%20declines%20in%20dissolved%20oxygen%20and%20increases%20in%20nutrient%20concentrations%20in%20waters%20below%20the%20mixed%20layer%2C%20trends%20that%20are%20consistent%20with%20recent%20predictions%20of%20how%20global%20warming%20will%20affect%20the%20characteristics%20of%20upwelling%20source%20waters%20in%20the%20CCS.%20Such%20trends%20must%20be%20accounted%20for%20more%20comprehensively%20in%20ongoing%20assessment%20of%20the%20state%20of%20the%20California%20Current%20and%20its%20responses%20to%20environmental%20forcing.%20At%20the%20time%20of%20writing%2C%20tropical%20conditions%20are%20ENSO%20neutral%20and%20forecast%20to%20transition%20into%20El%20Nino%20in%20late%202012.%20This%2C%20combined%20with%20unusually%20high%20abundances%20of%20diverse%20gelatinous%20taxa%20throughout%20much%20of%20the%20CCS%20during%20spring%202012%2C%20suggests%20that%20the%20ongoing%20evolution%20of%20the%20state%20of%20the%20California%20Current%20might%20take%20a%20particularly%20unusual%20path%20in%20the%20coming%20year.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Dec%202012%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%20Rgier%20jl%2C%201993%2C%20journal%20of%20geophysical%20research-oceans%2C%20v98%2C%20p18147%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220575-3317%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A53Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22PILWG96P%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Taylor%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222012-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ETaylor%2C%20A.%20G.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Landry%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20Selph%2C%20K.%20E.%2C%20Wick%2C%20D.%20A.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Roadman%2C%20M.%20J.%20%282012%29.%20Sharp%20gradients%20in%20phytoplankton%20community%20structure%20across%20a%20frontal%20zone%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Plankton%20Research%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E34%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%289%29%2C%20778%26%23x2013%3B789.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fplankt%5C%2Ffbs036%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fplankt%5C%2Ffbs036%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Sharp%20gradients%20in%20phytoplankton%20community%20structure%20across%20a%20frontal%20zone%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Taylor%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Landry%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Selph%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22D.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wick%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Roadman%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Spatial%20variability%20of%20plankton%20biomass%2C%20community%20composition%20and%20size%20structure%20was%20investigated%20across%20a%20strong%20frontal%20transition%20%28A-Front%29%20in%20the%20southern%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20in%20October%202008.%20Depth%20profiles%20were%20taken%20across%20a%2025-km%20transect%20of%20nine%20stations%20sampled%20semi-synoptically%20during%20one%20night%20and%20for%203%20days%20following%20drifter%20arrays%20in%20the%20adjacent%20water%20masses.%20Community%20compositions%20are%20compared%20based%20on%20analyses%20by%20digital%20epifluorescence%20microscopy%2C%20flow%20cytometry%20and%20pigment%20composition%20by%20high-pressure%20liquid%20chromatography.%20Our%20results%20show%20three%20assemblages%20sharply%20delineated%20in%20space%2C%20with%20plankton%20at%20the%20front%20being%20compositionally%20distinct%20and%20biomass%20elevated%20relative%20to%20either%20of%20the%20adjacent%20water%20masses.%20Depth-averaged%20chlorophyll%20a%20%28Chl%20a%29%20varied%20by%20a%20factor%20of%202.3%20%280.350.81%20g%20Chl%20a%20L-1%29%20and%20autotrophic%20carbon%20%28AC%29%20varied%20almost%203-fold%20%2813.635.4%20g%20C%20L-1%29%20across%20the%20front.%20One%20of%20the%20most%20striking%20features%20was%20a%20sharp%20gradient%20in%20the%20distribution%20of%20Prochlorococcus%20%28PRO%29%20and%20Synechococcus%20%28SYN%29%2C%20with%20PRO%20located%20in%20the%20warmer%20oligotrophic%20waters%20on%20the%20south%20side%20of%20the%20front%20and%20SYN%20located%20in%20the%20cooler%20mesotrophic%20waters%20to%20the%20north.%20Both%20PRO%20and%20SYN%20had%20local%20biomass%20minima%20directly%20at%20the%20front.%20The%20peak%20in%20phytoplankton%20biomass%20at%20the%20front%20was%20dominated%20by%20large%20%2820%20m%29%20diatom%20cells%2C%20comprising%2071%20of%20the%20total%20community%20biomass.%20In%20contrast%20to%20previous%20studies%20of%20frontal%20features%20in%20the%20southern%20California%20Current%2C%20our%20study%20of%20the%20A-Front%20shows%20strong%20frontal%20enhancement%20of%20phytoplankton%20biomass%20and%20a%20shift%20of%20phytoplankton%20size%20structure%20towards%20larger%20cells.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Sep%202012%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1093%5C%2Fplankt%5C%2Ffbs036%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220142-7873%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A59Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22X5FDZUII%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Samo%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222012-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ESamo%2C%20T.%20J.%2C%20Pedler%2C%20B.%20E.%2C%20Ball%2C%20G.%20I.%2C%20Pasulka%2C%20A.%20L.%2C%20Taylor%2C%20A.%20G.%2C%20Aluwihare%2C%20L.%20I.%2C%20Azam%2C%20F.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Landry%2C%20M.%20R.%20%282012%29.%20Microbial%20distribution%20and%20activity%20across%20a%20water%20mass%20frontal%20zone%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Plankton%20Research%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E34%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%289%29%2C%20802%26%23x2013%3B814.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fplankt%5C%2Ffbs048%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fplankt%5C%2Ffbs048%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Microbial%20distribution%20and%20activity%20across%20a%20water%20mass%20frontal%20zone%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Samo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pedler%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22G.%20I.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ball%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pasulka%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Taylor%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22L.%20I.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Aluwihare%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Azam%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Landry%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Ocean%20fronts%20with%20accumulated%20biomass%20and%20organic%20matter%20may%20be%20significant%20sites%20of%20enhanced%20microbial%20activity.%20We%20sampled%20a%20frontal%20region%20%28the%20A-Front%29%20separating%20oligotrophic%20and%20mesotrophic%20water%20masses%20within%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20%28CCE%29%20to%20assess%20the%20influence%20of%20frontal%20hydrography%20on%20several%20microbial%20parameters.%20Samples%20for%20heterotrophic%20bacterial%2C%20viral%20and%20flagellate%20abundance%2C%20dissolved%20and%20particulate%20carbon%20and%20nitrogen%2C%20transparent%20particles%20and%20bacterial%20carbon%20production%20were%20collected%20at%206%20depths%20from%20the%20surface%20to%20100%20m%20with%2059%20conductivity%5C%2Ftemperature%5C%2Fdepth%20casts%20along%20a%2026-km%20northerly%20transect%20across%20the%20front.%20Relative%20to%20adjacent%20oligotrophic%20and%20mesotrophic%20waters%2C%20the%20frontal%20transition%20displayed%20peaks%20in%20the%20mean%20estimates%20of%20cell-specific%20bacterial%20carbon%20and%20bulk%20bacterial%20production%2C%20particulate%20organic%20carbon%20and%20particulate%20organic%20nitrogen%20concentrations%2C%20and%20the%20abundance%20and%20size%20of%20transparent%20particles.%20Bacterial%20carbon%20production%20increased%20approximate%20to%205-fold%20northward%20from%20oligotrophic%20waters%20to%20the%20frontal%20zone%2C%20in%20agreement%20with%20an%20increase%20in%20the%20frequency%20of%20dividing%20cells%2C%20but%20bacterial%20abundance%20was%20lower%20than%20at%20adjacent%20stations.%20This%20may%20be%20partially%20explained%20by%20high%20chlorophyll%2C%20elevated%20virus%3Abacteria%20ratios%20and%20low%20nanoflagellate%20grazer%20abundance%20at%20the%20front.%20Our%20data%20suggest%20that%20CCE%20fronts%20can%20facilitate%20intense%20biological%20transformation%20and%20physical%20transport%20of%20organic%20matter%2C%20in%20sharp%20contrast%20to%20adjacent%20low%20productivity%20waters%2C%20and%20harbor%20dynamic%20microbial%20populations%20that%20influence%20nutrient%20cycling.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Sep%202012%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1093%5C%2Fplankt%5C%2Ffbs048%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220142-7873%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A58Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22B6K4942R%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Landry%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222012-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ELandry%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20Ohman%2C%20M.%20D.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Stukel%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20Barbeau%2C%20K.%20A.%2C%20Bundy%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Kahru%2C%20M.%20%282012%29.%20Pelagic%20community%20responses%20to%20a%20deep-water%20front%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%3A%20overview%20of%20the%20A-Front%20Study.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Plankton%20Research%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E34%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%289%29%2C%20739%26%23x2013%3B748.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fplankt%5C%2Ffbs025%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fplankt%5C%2Ffbs025%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Pelagic%20community%20responses%20to%20a%20deep-water%20front%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%3A%20overview%20of%20the%20A-Front%20Study%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Landry%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ohman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stukel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Barbeau%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bundy%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kahru%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22In%20October%202008%2C%20we%20investigated%20pelagic%20community%20composition%20and%20biomass%2C%20from%20bacteria%20to%20fish%2C%20across%20a%20sharp%20frontal%20gradient%20overlying%20deep%20waters%20south%20of%20Point%20Conception%2C%20California.%20This%20northsouth%20gradient%2C%20which%20we%20called%20A-Front%2C%20was%20formed%20by%20the%20eastward%20flow%20of%20the%20California%20Current%20and%20separated%20cooler%20mesotrophic%20waters%20of%20coastal%20upwelling%20origin%20to%20the%20north%2C%20from%20warm%20oligotrophic%20waters%20of%20likely%20mixed%20subarcticsubtropical%20origin%20to%20the%20south.%20Plankton%20biomass%20and%20phytoplankton%20growth%20rates%20were%20two%20to%20three%20times%20greater%20on%20the%20northern%20side%2C%20and%20primary%20production%20rates%20were%20elevated%205-fold%20to%20the%20north.%20Compared%20with%20either%20of%20the%20adjacent%20waters%2C%20the%20frontal%20interface%20was%20strongly%20enriched%20and%20uniquely%20defined%20by%20a%20subsurface%20bloom%20of%20large%20diatoms%2C%20elevated%20concentrations%20of%20suspension-feeding%20zooplankton%2C%20high%20bioacoustical%20estimates%20of%20pelagic%20fish%20and%20enhanced%20bacterial%20production%20and%20phytoplankton%20biomass%20and%20photosynthetic%20potential.%20Such%20habitats%2C%20though%20small%20in%20areal%20extent%2C%20may%20contribute%20disproportionately%20and%20importantly%20to%20regional%20productivity%2C%20nutrient%20cycling%2C%20carbon%20fluxes%20and%20trophic%20ecology.%20As%20a%20general%20introduction%20to%20the%20A-Front%20study%2C%20we%20provide%20an%20overview%20of%20its%20design%20and%20implementation%2C%20a%20brief%20summary%20of%20major%20findings%20and%20a%20discussion%20of%20potential%20mechanisms%20of%20plankton%20enrichment%20at%20the%20front.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Sep%202012%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1093%5C%2Fplankt%5C%2Ffbs025%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220142-7873%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A56Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22FHD9BSIZ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Chekalyuk%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222012-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EChekalyuk%2C%20A.%20M.%2C%20Landry%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Taylor%2C%20A.%20G.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Hafez%2C%20M.%20A.%20%282012%29.%20Laser%20fluorescence%20analysis%20of%20phytoplankton%20across%20a%20frontal%20zone%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20ecosystem.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Plankton%20Research%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E34%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%289%29%2C%20761%26%23x2013%3B777.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fplankt%5C%2Ffbs034%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1093%5C%2Fplankt%5C%2Ffbs034%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Laser%20fluorescence%20analysis%20of%20phytoplankton%20across%20a%20frontal%20zone%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20ecosystem%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chekalyuk%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Landry%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Taylor%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hafez%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Spatial%20variability%20of%20chlorophyll%2C%20phycobiliproteins%2C%20chromophoric%20dissolved%20organic%20matter%20and%20variable%20fluorescence%20%28F-v%5C%2FF-m%29%20was%20analyzed%20across%20a%20deep-water%20density%20front%20in%20the%20Southern%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20using%20an%20Advanced%20Laser%20Fluorometer%20%28ALF%29%20calibrated%20to%20assess%20chlorophyll%20concentration%20%28C-chl%29%2C%20total%20autotrophic%20carbon%20%28AC%29%20and%20Synechococcus%20carbon%20biomass%20%28SYN%29.%20Three%20distinct%20autotrophic%20assemblages%20were%20identified.%20Fluorescence%20was%20found%20to%20be%20three%20to%20four%20times%20higher%20in%20cooler%20mesotrophic%20waters%20north%20of%20the%20front%20than%20in%20warm%20oligotrophic%20waters%20to%20the%20south.%20Northern%20waters%20were%20distinguished%20by%20a%20shallow%20pigment%20maximum%20dominated%20by%20a%20blue-water%20type%20of%20Synechococcus%20and%20by%20the%20presence%20of%20green-water%20Synechococcus%20and%20cryptophytes%3B%20only%20blue-water%20Synechococcus%20were%20detected%20at%20lower%20concentration%20south%20of%20the%20front.%20The%20highest%20C-chl%20and%20AC%20values%2C%20accompanied%20by%20elevated%20F-v%5C%2FF-m%20and%20chlorophyll%20fluorescence%20per%20unit%20of%20C-chl%2C%20and%20minimal%20Synechococcus%20abundance%2C%20were%20found%20directly%20at%20the%20front%20in%20a%202040%20m%20deep%20layer%20dominated%20by%20diatoms.%20The%20covariation%20of%20F-v%5C%2FF-m%20with%20nitrate%20concentration%20in%20this%20layer%2C%20along%20with%20the%20structural%20changes%20in%20the%20phytoplankton%20community%2C%20suggest%20that%20it%20had%20been%20generated%20by%20in%20situ%20processes%20rather%20than%20advection.%20Strong%20structural%20responses%20to%20the%20local%20hydrography%20were%20also%20revealed%20by%20high-frequency%20underway%20ALF%20surface%20sampling%2C%20which%20detected%20an%20abrupt%20transition%20from%20low%20to%20high%20SYN%20on%20the%20northern%20side%20of%20a%20sharp%20salinity%20gradient%20at%20the%20front.%20Synechococcus-specific%20phycoerythrin%20fluorescence%20%28F-PE12%29%20and%20SYN%20were%20highly%20correlated%20in%20surface%20waters%20%28R-2%200.95%29%2C%20while%20F-PE12%3ASYN%20gradually%20increased%20with%20depth.%20Strong%20relationships%20were%20found%20for%20chlorophyll%20fluorescence%20versus%20C-chl%20%28R-2%200.95%29%20and%20AC%20%28R-2%200.79%29.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Sep%202012%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1093%5C%2Fplankt%5C%2Ffbs034%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220142-7873%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A53Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22I2KN9VJW%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Alin%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222012-05%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A3%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAlin%2C%20S.%20R.%2C%20Feely%2C%20R.%20A.%2C%20Dickson%2C%20A.%20G.%2C%20Hernandez-Ayon%2C%20J.%20M.%2C%20Juranek%2C%20L.%20W.%2C%20Ohman%2C%20M.%20D.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%20%282012%29.%20Robust%20empirical%20relationships%20for%20estimating%20the%20carbonate%20system%20in%20the%20southern%20California%20Current%20System%20and%20application%20to%20CalCOFI%20hydrographic%20cruise%20data%20%282005-2011%29.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Geophysical%20Research-Oceans%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E117%3C%5C%2Fi%3E.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1029%5C%2F2011jc007511%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1029%5C%2F2011jc007511%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Robust%20empirical%20relationships%20for%20estimating%20the%20carbonate%20system%20in%20the%20southern%20California%20Current%20System%20and%20application%20to%20CalCOFI%20hydrographic%20cruise%20data%20%282005-2011%29%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Alin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Feely%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dickson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hernandez-Ayon%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22L.%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Juranek%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ohman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20California%20Current%20System%20%28CCS%29%20is%20expected%20to%20experience%20the%20ecological%20impacts%20of%20ocean%20acidification%20%28OA%29%20earlier%20than%20most%20other%20ocean%20regions%20because%20coastal%20upwelling%20brings%20old%2C%20CO2-rich%20water%20relatively%20close%20to%20the%20surface%20ocean.%20Historical%20inorganic%20carbon%20measurements%20are%20scarce%2C%20so%20the%20progression%20of%20OA%20in%20the%20CCS%20is%20unknown.%20We%20used%20a%20multiple%20linear%20regression%20approach%20to%20generate%20empirical%20models%20using%20oxygen%20%28O-2%29%2C%20temperature%20%28T%29%2C%20salinity%20%28S%29%2C%20and%20sigma%20theta%20%28sigma%28theta%29%29%20as%20proxy%20variables%20to%20reconstruct%20pH%2C%20carbonate%20saturation%20states%2C%20carbonate%20ion%20concentration%20%28%5BCO32-%5D%29%2C%20dissolved%20inorganic%20carbon%20%28DIC%29%20concentration%2C%20and%20total%20alkalinity%20%28TA%29%20in%20the%20southern%20CCS.%20The%20calibration%20data%20included%20high-quality%20measurements%20of%20carbon%2C%20oxygen%2C%20and%20other%20hydrographic%20variables%2C%20collected%20during%20a%20cruise%20from%20British%20Columbia%20to%20Baja%20California%20in%20May-June%202007.%20All%20resulting%20empirical%20relationships%20were%20robust%2C%20with%20r%282%29%20values%20%3E0.92%20and%20low%20root%20mean%20square%20errors.%20Estimated%20and%20measured%20carbon%20chemistry%20matched%20very%20well%20for%20independent%20data%20sets%20from%20the%20CalCOFI%20and%20IMECOCAL%20programs.%20Reconstructed%20CCS%20pH%20and%20saturation%20states%20for%202005-2011%20reveal%20a%20pronounced%20seasonal%20cycle%20and%20inter-annual%20variability%20in%20the%20upper%20water%20column.%20Deeper%20in%20the%20water%20column%2C%20conditions%20are%20stable%20throughout%20the%20annual%20cycle%2C%20with%20perennially%20low%20pH%20and%20saturation%20states.%20Over%20sub-decadal%20time%20scales%2C%20these%20empirical%20models%20provide%20a%20valuable%20tool%20for%20reconstructing%20carbonate%20chemistry%20related%20to%20ocean%20acidification%20where%20direct%20observations%20are%20limited.%20However%2C%20progressive%20increases%20in%20anthropogenic%20CO2%20content%20of%20southern%20CCS%20water%20masses%20must%20be%20carefully%20addressed%20to%20apply%20the%20models%20over%20longer%20time%20scales.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22May%202012%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1029%5C%2F2011jc007511%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220148-0227%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A53Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22JH5N29E6%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Zhang%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222012-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EZhang%2C%20J.%2C%20Fleming%2C%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%20%282012%29.%20Fishermen%26%23x2019%3Bs%20perspectives%20on%20climate%20variability.%20%3Ci%3EMarine%20Policy%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E36%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%282%29%2C%20466%26%23x2013%3B472.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.marpol.2011.06.001%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.marpol.2011.06.001%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Fishermen%27s%20perspectives%20on%20climate%20variability%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zhang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fleming%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Understanding%20fishermen%27s%20perspectives%20and%20responses%20relating%20to%20climate%20variability%20is%20important%20for%20sustainable%20fisheries%20management.%20To%20this%20end%2C%20a%20survey%20of%20captains%20of%20commercial%20passenger%20fishing%20vessels%20%28CPFVs%29%20was%20conducted%20in%20San%20Diego.%20The%20survey%20demonstrates%20that%20fishermen%20have%20observed%20and%20adapted%20to%20changes%20in%20the%20environment%20and%20fish%20populations%20associated%20with%20climate%20variability.%20However%2C%20only%2012.9%25%20of%20respondents%20agreed%20that%20global%20climate%20change%20is%20a%20possibility.%20In%20order%20to%20explain%20fishermen%27s%20divergent%20beliefs%20on%20climate%20change%2C%20a%20semiparametric%20discrete%20choice%20model%20is%20used%20to%20identify%20the%20potential%20determinants.%20The%20empirical%20results%20highlight%20the%20importance%20of%20the%20following%20factors%3A%20fishermen%27s%20experience%2C%20observations%20of%20the%20phenomena%20that%20are%20associated%20with%20climate%20variability%2C%20and%20an%20interaction%20of%20fishermen%27s%20experience%20and%20their%20observations.%20%28C%29%202011%20Published%20by%20Elsevier%20Ltd.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Mar%202012%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.marpol.2011.06.001%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220308-597X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A59Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22AHEX54QA%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Stukel%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222012-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EStukel%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20Landry%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20Ohman%2C%20M.%20D.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Samo%2C%20T.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Benitez-Nelson%2C%20C.%20R.%20%282012%29.%20Do%20inverse%20ecosystem%20models%20accurately%20reconstruct%20plankton%20trophic%20flows%3F%20Comparing%20two%20solution%20methods%20using%20field%20data%20from%20the%20California%20Current.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Marine%20Systems%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E91%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%2020%26%23x2013%3B33.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.jmarsys.2011.09.004%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.jmarsys.2011.09.004%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Do%20inverse%20ecosystem%20models%20accurately%20reconstruct%20plankton%20trophic%20flows%3F%20Comparing%20two%20solution%20methods%20using%20field%20data%20from%20the%20California%20Current%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stukel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Landry%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ohman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Samo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Benitez-Nelson%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Despite%20the%20increasing%20use%20of%20linear%20inverse%20modeling%20techniques%20to%20elucidate%20fluxes%20in%20undersampled%20marine%20ecosystems%2C%20the%20accuracy%20with%20which%20they%20estimate%20food%20web%20flows%20has%20not%20been%20resolved.%20New%20Markov%20Chain%20Monte%20Carlo%20%28MCMC%29%20solution%20methods%20have%20also%20called%20into%20question%20the%20biases%20of%20the%20commonly%20used%20L%282%29%20minimum%20norm%20%28L%282%29MN%29%20solution%20technique.%20Here%2C%20we%20test%20the%20abilities%20of%20MCMC%20and%20L%282%29MN%20methods%20to%20recover%20field-measured%20ecosystem%20rates%20that%20are%20sequentially%20excluded%20from%20the%20model%20input.%20For%20data%2C%20we%20use%20experimental%20measurements%20from%20process%20cruises%20of%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20%28CCE-LTER%29%20Program%20that%20include%20rate%20estimates%20of%20phytoplankton%20and%20bacterial%20production%2C%20micro-%20and%20mesozooplankton%20grazing%2C%20and%20carbon%20export%20from%20eight%20study%20sites%20varying%20from%20rich%20coastal%20upwelling%20to%20offshore%20oligotrophic%20conditions.%20Both%20the%20MCMC%20and%20L%282%29MN%20methods%20predicted%20well-constrained%20rates%20of%20protozoan%20and%20mesozooplankton%20grazing%20with%20reasonable%20accuracy%2C%20but%20the%20MCMC%20method%20overestimated%20primary%20production.%20The%20MCMC%20method%20more%20accurately%20predicted%20the%20poorly%20constrained%20rate%20of%20vertical%20carbon%20export%20than%20the%20L%282%29MN%20method%2C%20which%20consistently%20overestimated%20export.%20Results%20involving%20DOC%20and%20bacterial%20production%20were%20equivocal.%20Overall%2C%20when%20primary%20production%20is%20provided%20as%20model%20input%2C%20the%20MCMC%20method%20gives%20a%20robust%20depiction%20of%20ecosystem%20processes.%20Uncertainty%20in%20inverse%20ecosystem%20models%20is%20large%20and%20arises%20primarily%20from%20solution%20under-determinacy.%20We%20thus%20suggest%20that%20experimental%20programs%20focusing%20on%20food%20web%20fluxes%20expand%20the%20range%20of%20experimental%20measurements%20to%20include%20the%20nature%20and%20fate%20of%20detrital%20pools%2C%20which%20play%20large%20roles%20in%20the%20model.%20%28C%29%202011%20Elsevier%20B.V.%20All%20rights%20reserved.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Mar%202012%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.jmarsys.2011.09.004%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220924-7963%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A58Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22S7C6U2DR%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Roth%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222012-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ERoth%2C%20M.%20S.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Deheyn%2C%20D.%20D.%20%282012%29.%20Cold%20induces%20acute%20stress%20but%20heat%20is%20ultimately%20more%20deleterious%20for%20the%20reef-building%20coral%20Acropora%20yongei.%20%3Ci%3EScientific%20Reports%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E2%3C%5C%2Fi%3E.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fsrep00240%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1038%5C%2Fsrep00240%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Cold%20induces%20acute%20stress%20but%20heat%20is%20ultimately%20more%20deleterious%20for%20the%20reef-building%20coral%20Acropora%20yongei%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Roth%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22D.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Deheyn%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Climate%20change%20driven%20increases%20in%20intensity%20and%20frequency%20of%20both%20hot%20and%20cold%20extreme%20events%20contribute%20to%20coral%20reef%20decline%20by%20causing%20widespread%20coral%20bleaching%20and%20mortality.%20Here%2C%20we%20show%20that%20hot%20and%20cold%20temperature%20changes%20cause%20distinct%20physiological%20responses%20on%20different%20time%20scales%20in%20reef-building%20corals.%20We%20exposed%20the%20branching%20coral%20Acropora%20yongei%20in%20individual%20aquaria%20to%20a%20%2B%5C%2F-%205%20degrees%20C%20temperature%20change.%20Compared%20to%20heat-treated%20corals%2C%20cold-treated%20corals%20initially%20show%20greater%20declines%20in%20growth%20and%20increases%20in%20photosynthetic%20pressure.%20However%2C%20after%202-3%20weeks%2C%20cold-treated%20corals%20acclimate%20and%20show%20improvements%20in%20physiological%20state.%20In%20contrast%2C%20heat%20did%20not%20initially%20harm%20photochemical%20efficiency%2C%20but%20after%20a%20delay%2C%20photosynthetic%20pressure%20increased%20rapidly%20and%20corals%20experienced%20severe%20bleaching%20and%20cessation%20of%20growth.%20These%20results%20suggest%20that%20short-term%20cold%20temperature%20is%20more%20damaging%20for%20branching%20corals%20than%20short-term%20warm%20temperature%2C%20whereas%20long-term%20elevated%20temperature%20is%20more%20harmful%20than%20long-term%20depressed%20temperature.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Feb%202012%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1038%5C%2Fsrep00240%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222045-2322%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A58Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22HLFZPE67%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Goericke%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222011-12%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3E%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%20%282011%29.%20The%20size%20structure%20of%20marine%20phytoplankton%20-%20What%20are%20the%20rules%3F%20%3Ci%3ECalifornia%20Cooperative%20Oceanic%20Fisheries%20Investigations%20Reports%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E52%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20198%26%23x2013%3B204.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20size%20structure%20of%20marine%20phytoplankton%20-%20What%20are%20the%20rules%3F%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22It%20has%20been%20suggested%20that%20the%20size%20structure%20of%20marine%20phytoplankton%20communities%20varies%20with%20concentrations%20of%20chlorophyll%20a%20%28CM%20a%29%3AWhen%20total%20biomass%20is%20low%2C%20biomass%20is%20added%20only%20to%20the%20smallest%20size%20class%20until%20an%20upper%20limit%20to%20Chl%20a%20in%20this%20size%20class-its%20biomass%20quota-has%20been%20reached.%20At%20this%20point%20biomass%20can%20only%20be%20added%20to%20the%20community%20by%20adding%20Chl%20a%20to%20the%20next%20larger%20size%20class%20until%20its%20quota%20too%20is%20reached%2C%20whereupon%20the%20next%20largest%20size%20class%20is%20filled%20up%2C%20etc.%20These%20rules%20predict%20a%20maximum%20biomass%20for%20all%20size%20classes%2C%20except%20for%20the%20largest%20one%20whose%20maximum%20biomass%20is%20set%20by%20the%20availability%20of%20inorganic%20nutrients%2C%20and%20abundance%20thresholds%20for%20all%20size%20classes%20except%20for%20the%20smallest%20one.%20Here%20these%20predictions%20were%20tested%20in%20a%20variety%20of%20environments%2C%20the%20California%20Current%20system%2C%20the%20Eastern%20Tropical%20North%20Pacific%2C%20and%20the%20Sargasso%20Sea.%20Even%20though%20the%20smallest%20and%20largest%20size%20classes%20followed%20the%20above%20rules%2C%20i.e.%2C%20these%20had%20an%20upper%20biomass%20limit%20and%20an%20abundance%20threshold%2C%20respectively%2C%20biomass%20distributions%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Dec%202011%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220575-3317%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A54Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%224CK22KQE%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Goericke%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222011-12%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3E%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%20%282011%29.%20The%20structure%20of%20marine%20phytoplankton%20communities%20-%20Patterns%2C%20rules%20and%20mechanisms.%20%3Ci%3ECalifornia%20Cooperative%20Oceanic%20Fisheries%20Investigations%20Reports%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E52%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20182%26%23x2013%3B197.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20structure%20of%20marine%20phytoplankton%20communities%20-%20Patterns%2C%20rules%20and%20mechanisms%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20taxonomic%20structure%20of%20marine%20phytoplankton%20communities%20was%20studied%20in%20nearshore%2C%20coastal%20and%20offshore%20environments%20of%20the%20Atlantic%2C%20Pacific%20and%20Indian%20Ocean%20to%20search%20for%20common%20distributional%20patterns%20that%20might%20suggest%20mechanisms%20controlling%20these.%20Contributions%20of%20different%20taxa%20to%20total%20phytoplankton%20pigment-biomass%20%28TChl%20a%29%20were%20calculated%20from%20concentrations%20of%20taxon-specific%20pigments.%20In%20most%20environments%20studied%2C%20variability%20of%20phytoplankton%20biomass%20was%20dominated%20by%20diatoms%20or%20dinoflagellates%2C%20the%20bloom%20taxa.%20The%20pigment%20biomass%20of%20non-bloom-forming%20taxa%20varied%20as%20an%20asymptotic%20function%20of%20TChl%20a.%20Observed%20patterns%20for%20any%20taxon%20were%20often%20strikingly%20similar%20in%20different%20environments%20but%20differed%20significantly%20between%20taxa%20in%20any%20one%20environment.%20Simple%20functions%20were%20used%20to%20describe%20these%20patterns%2C%20which%20can%20be%20used%20to%20predict%20phytoplankton%20community%20structure%20from%20TChl%20a.%20The%20observed%20patterns%20are%20consistent%20with%20predictions%20derived%20from%20a%20simple%20conceptual%20model%20that%20suggests%20that%20total%20phytoplankton%20biomass%20is%20generally%20limited%20by%20the%20availability%20of%20a%20critical%20nutrient%2C%20i.e.%2C%20by%20bottom-up%20forces%2C%20but%20that%20the%20biomass%20of%20some%20taxa%2C%20particularly%20picoautotrophs%2C%20is%20controlled%20by%20grazers%20under%20mesotrophic%20to%20eutrophic%20conditions%2C%20i.e.%2C%20top-down%20forces.%20The%20distribution%20of%20cyanobacteria%20suggests%20that%20their%20population%20dynamics%2C%20unlike%20those%20of%20other%20taxa%2C%20is%20not%20tightly%20lined%20to%20the%20dynamics%20of%20their%20grazers%2C%20likely%20because%20the%20latter%20are%20grazing%20concurrently%20on%20heterotrophic%20bacteria.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Dec%202011%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220575-3317%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A54Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%228TNMBV9J%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Stukel%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222011-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EStukel%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20Landry%2C%20M.%20R.%2C%20Benitez-Nelson%2C%20C.%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%20%282011%29.%20Trophic%20cycling%20and%20carbon%20export%20relationships%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem.%20%3Ci%3ELimnology%20and%20Oceanography%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E56%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%285%29%2C%201866%26%23x2013%3B1878.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.4319%5C%2Flo.2011.56.5.1866%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.4319%5C%2Flo.2011.56.5.1866%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Trophic%20cycling%20and%20carbon%20export%20relationships%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stukel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Landry%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Benitez-Nelson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22We%20constructed%20a%20simple%20non-steady-state%20model%20of%20trophic%20cycling%20relationships%20in%20the%20California%20Current%20Ecosystem%20and%20tested%20its%20predictions%20of%20mesozooplankton%20fecal-pellet%20export%20against%20vertical%20carbon-flux%20measurements%20by%20the%20%28234%29Th%20method%20taken%20during%20Lagrangian%20experiments.%20To%20assess%20trophic%20relationships%2C%20we%20simultaneously%20measured%20%2814%29C-primary%20production%20and%20chlorophyll-based%20rate%20estimates%20of%20phytoplankton%20growth%2C%20microzooplankton%20grazing%2C%20mesozooplankton%20grazing%2C%20and%20net%20phytoplankton%20growth.%20Study%20locations%20ranged%20from%20coastal%20upwelling%20to%20offshore%20oligotrophic%20conditions.%20E-ratios%20%28carbon%20export%20%3A%20%2814%29C-primary%20production%29%20predicted%20by%20the%20model%20ranged%20from%200.08%20to%200.14%2C%20in%20good%20agreement%20with%20both%20the%20magnitude%20and%20the%20variability%20found%20in%20contemporaneous%20measurements%20of%20%28234%29Th%20export%20and%20C%3A%20%28234%29Th-ratios%20of%20sinking%20particles.%20E-ratios%20were%20strongly%20decoupled%20from%20new%20production%20estimates.%20The%20lowest%20measured%20and%20predicted%20e-ratios%20were%20associated%20with%20higher%20nutrient%20chlorophyll%20parcels%20with%20net%20accumulating%20phytoplankton%20in%20the%20inshore%20region.%20For%20our%20study%20sites%2C%20variability%20in%20export%20efficiency%20was%20determined%20by%20the%20local%20net%20balance%20of%20growth%20and%20grazing%20and%20the%20relative%20strengths%20of%20grazing%20pathways%20to%20microzooplankton%20and%20mesozooplankton.%20Despite%20very%20different%20plankton%20assemblages%20studied%2C%20the%20consistently%20good%20agreement%20between%20independently%20measured%20production-grazing%20processes%20and%20biogeochemical%20rates%20suggest%20that%20zooplankton%20are%20the%20major%20drivers%20of%20vertical%20carbon-flux%20in%20this%20system%20during%20springtime.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Sep%202011%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.4319%5C%2Flo.2011.56.5.1866%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220024-3590%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A58Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2235W8ZMWE%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Koslow%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222011%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EKoslow%2C%20J.%20A.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20Lara-Lopez%2C%20A.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Watson%2C%20W.%20%282011%29.%20Impact%20of%20declining%20intermediate-water%20oxygen%20on%20deepwater%20fishes%20in%20the%20California%20Current.%20%3Ci%3EMarine%20Ecology-Progress%20Series%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E436%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20207%26%23x2013%3B218.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3354%5C%2Fmeps09270%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3354%5C%2Fmeps09270%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Impact%20of%20declining%20intermediate-water%20oxygen%20on%20deepwater%20fishes%20in%20the%20California%20Current%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Koslow%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lara-Lopez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Watson%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Although%20declining%20oxygen%20concentration%20has%20been%20reported%20for%20the%20oxygen%20minimum%20zones%20%28OMZs%29%20of%20the%20tropical%20oceans%20and%20the%20North%20Pacific%20Ocean%2C%20consistent%20with%20model%20predictions%20of%20the%20effects%20of%20global%20warming%2C%20its%20ecological%20impacts%20are%20poorly%20understood.%20We%20report%20the%20apparent%20impact%20of%20declining%20oxygen%20on%20midwater%20fishes%20within%20the%20OMZ%20of%20the%20southern%20California%20Current%20%28CC%29.%20Principal%20component%20analysis%20of%20the%20California%20Cooperative%20Oceanic%20Fisheries%20Investigations%20%28CalCOFI%29%20ichthyoplankton%20time%20series%20from%201951%20to%202008%20indicates%20that%20the%20dominant%20temporal%20pattern%20%28principal%20component%201%20%5BPC1%5D%29%20represents%20the%20marked%20decline%20of%20the%20region%27s%20mesopelagic%20fishes%20during%20periods%20of%20reduced%20oxygen.%20Of%20the%2027%20taxa%20with%20loadings%20%3E%200.5%20on%20PC1%2C%2024%20were%20mesopelagic.%20PC1%20was%20strongly%20correlated%20with%20intermediate-water%20oxygen%20concentrations%20%28r%20%3D%200.75%2C%20p%20%3C%200.05%29%2C%20which%20were%20about%2020%25%20lower%20in%20the%20past%20decade%20and%20the%201950s%20than%20in%20the%20period%20from%201970%20to%201995.%20The%20abundance%20of%20mesopelagic%20fishes%20represented%20by%20PC1%20was%20reduced%2C%20on%20average%2C%20by%2063%25%20between%20periods%20of%20high%20and%20low%20oxygen%20concentrations.%20We%20hypothesize%20that%20the%20underlying%20mechanism%20is%20the%20shoaling%20of%20the%20hypoxic%20boundary%20layer%20during%20periods%20of%20reduced%20oxygen%2C%20which%20renders%20the%20mesopelagic%20fauna%20more%20vulnerable%20to%20visually%20orienting%20predators.%20The%20mesopelagic%20fish%20fauna%20provides%20a%20vital%20trophodynamic%20link%20between%20the%20marine%20plankton%20and%20many%20higher%20predators.%20The%20decline%20of%20deepwater%20fish%20populations%20has%20profound%20implications%20for%20commercial%20fisheries%2C%20marine%20food%20webs%20and%20marine%20conservation%3A%20climate%20models%20predict%20a%2020%20to%2040%25%20decline%20in%20global%20deepwater%20oxygen%20concentrations%20over%20the%20coming%20century.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222011%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3354%5C%2Fmeps09270%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220171-8630%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A56Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22FD6PVHRC%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9129767%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Bjorkstedt%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222010-12%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EBjorkstedt%2C%20E.%20P.%2C%20%3Cstrong%3EGoericke%3C%5C%2Fstrong%3E%2C%20R.%2C%20McClatchie%2C%20S.%2C%20Weber%2C%20E.%2C%20Watson%2C%20W.%2C%20Lo%2C%20N.%2C%20Peterson%2C%20B.%2C%20Emmett%2C%20B.%2C%20Peterson%2C%20J.%2C%20Durazo%2C%20R.%2C%20Gaxiola-Castro%2C%20G.%2C%20Chavez%2C%20F.%2C%20Pennington%2C%20J.%20T.%2C%20Collins%2C%20C.%20A.%2C%20Field%2C%20J.%2C%20Ralston%2C%20S.%2C%20Sakuma%2C%20K.%2C%20Bograd%2C%20S.%20J.%2C%20Schwing%2C%20F.%20B.%2C%20%26%23x2026%3B%20Munger%2C%20L.%20M.%20%282010%29.%20State%20of%20the%20California%20Current%202009-2010%3A%20Regional%20variation%20persists%20through%20transition%20from%20La%20Nina%20to%20El%20Nino%20%28and%20back%3F%29.%20%3Ci%3ECalifornia%20Cooperative%20Oceanic%20Fisheries%20Investigations%20Reports%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E51%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%2039%26%23x2013%3B69.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22State%20of%20the%20California%20Current%202009-2010%3A%20Regional%20variation%20persists%20through%20transition%20from%20La%20Nina%20to%20El%20Nino%20%28and%20back%3F%29%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bjorkstedt%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goericke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McClatchie%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weber%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Watson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22N.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Emmett%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Durazo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gaxiola-Castro%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chavez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pennington%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Collins%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Field%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ralston%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sakuma%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bograd%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22F.%20B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schwing%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Y.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Xue%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sydeman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thompson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Santora%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Largier%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Halle%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morgan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%20Y.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kim%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%20P.%20B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Merkens%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hildebrand%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22L.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Munger%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22This%20report%20summarizes%20observations%20of%20the%20California%20Current%20System%20%28CCS%29%20from%20Baja%20California%2C%20Mexico%20to%20Oregon%20for%20the%20period%20from%20spring%202009%20through%20spring%202010.%20During%20this%20period%2C%20changes%20in%20the%20state%20of%20the%20CCS%20reflected%20a%20transition%20from%20cool%20La%20Nina%20conditions%20into%20and%20through%20a%20short-lived%2C%20relatively%20weak%20El%20Nino%20event.%20Weaker%20than%20normal%20upwelling%20and%20several%20extended%20relaxation%20events%20contributed%20to%20warming%20over%20much%20of%20the%20CCS%20during%20summer%202009%2C%20especially%20in%20the%20north.%20Moderation%20of%20La%20Nina%20conditions%20in%20the%20CCS%20coincided%20with%20the%20development%20of%20El%20Nino%20conditions%20in%20the%20equatorial%20Pacific%2C%20yet%20manifested%20well%20in%20advance%20of%20any%20evidence%20for%20direct%20effects%20of%20El%20Nino%20on%20the%20CCS.%20Responses%20to%20El%20Nino%20in%20fall%202009%20and%20winter%202009-2010%20appear%20to%20have%20varied%20substantially%20with%20latitude%3A%20conditions%20off%20southern%20California%20returned%20to%20near%20climatological%20values%20with%20the%20decline%20of%20La%20Nina%2C%20and%20did%20not%20indicate%20any%20subsequent%20response%20to%20El%20Nino%2C%20yet%20the%20northern%20CCS%20warmed%20subtantially%20following%20the%20decline%20of%20La%20Nina%20and%20was%20strongly%20affected%20by%20intense%20downwelling%20during%20winter%202009-2010.%20The%202009-2010%20El%20Nino%20diminished%20rapidly%20in%20early%202010%2C%20and%20upwelling%20off%20central%20and%20southern%20California%20resumed%20unusually%20early%20and%20strongly%20for%20a%20spring%20following%20an%20El%20Nino%2C%20but%20recovery%20from%20El%20Nino%20in%20early%202010%20appears%20to%20be%20less%20robust%20in%20the%20northern%20CCS.%20Thus%2C%20despite%20dynamic%20changes%20in%20the%20overall%20state%20of%20the%20California%20Current%2C%202009-2010%20continued%20the%20recent%20pattern%20of%20strong%20regional%20variability%20across%20the%20CCS.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Dec%202010%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220575-3317%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PY4MY9R2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-09-28T16%3A28%3A53Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D
Thompson, A. R., Swalethorp, R., Alksne, M., Santora, J. A., Hazen, E. L., Leising, A., Satterthwaite, E., Sydeman, W. J., Anderson, C. R., Auth, T. D., Baumann-Pickering, S., Baumgardner, T., Bjorkstedt, E. P., Bograd, S. J., Bowlin, N. M., Burke, B. J., Daly, E. A., Dewar, H., Field, J. C., … Wells, B. (2024). State of the California Current Ecosystem report in 2022: a tale of two La Niñas. Frontiers in Marine Science, 11, 1294011. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1294011
Wolfe, W. H., Martz, T. R., Dickson, A. G., Goericke, R., & Ohman, M. D. (2023). A 37-year record of ocean acidification in the Southern California current. Communications Earth & Environment, 4(1), 406. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-023-01065-0
Landry, M. R., Stukel, M. R., Selph, K. E., & Goericke, R. (2023). Coexisting picoplankton experience different relative grazing pressures across an ocean productivity gradient. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(44), e2220771120. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2220771120
Valente, A., Sathyendranath, S., Brotas, V., Groom, S., Grant, M., Jackson, T., Chuprin, A., Taberner, M., Airs, R., Antoine, D., Arnone, R., Balch, W. M., Barker, K., Barlow, R., Bélanger, S., Berthon, J.-F., Beşiktepe, Ş., Borsheim, Y., Bracher, A., … Zibordi, G. (2022). A compilation of global bio-optical in situ data for ocean colour satellite applications – version three. Earth System Science Data, 14(12), 5737–5770. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5737-2022
Thompson, A. R., Bjorkstedt, E. P., Bograd, S. J., Fisher, J. L., Hazen, E. L., Leising, A., Santora, J. A., Satterthwaite, E. V., Sydeman, W. J., Alksne, M., Auth, T. D., Baumann-Pickering, S., Bowlin, N. M., Burke, B. J., Daly, E. A., Dewar, H., Field, J. C., Garfield, N. T., Giddings, A., … Weber, E. D. (2022). State of the California Current Ecosystem in 2021: Winter is coming? Frontiers in Marine Science, 9, 958727. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.958727
James, C. C., Barton, A. D., Allen, L. Z., Lampe, R. H., Rabines, A., Schulberg, A., Zheng, H., Goericke, R., Goodwin, K. D., & Allen, A. E. (2022). Influence of nutrient supply on plankton microbiome biodiversity and distribution in a coastal upwelling region. Nature Communications, 13(1), 2448. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30139-4
Weber, E. D., Auth, T. D., Baumann-Pickering, S., Baumgartner, T. R., Bjorkstedt, E. P., Bograd, S. J., Burke, B. J., Cadena-Ramirez, J. L., Daly, E. A., de la Cruz, M., Dewar, H., Field, J. C., Fisher, J. L., Giddings, A., Goericke, R., Gomez-Ocampo, E., Gomez-Valdes, J., Hazen, E. L., Hildebrand, J., … Zeman, S. M. (2021). State of the California Current 2019-2020: Back to the future with marine heatwaves? Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, 23. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.709454
Marra, J. F., Barber, R. T., Barber, E., Bidigare, R. R., Chamberlin, W. S., Goericke, R., Hargreaves, B. R., Hiscock, M., Iturriaga, R., Johnson, Z. I., Kiefer, D. A., Kinkade, C., Knudson, C., Lance, V., Langdon, C., Lee, Z. P., Perry, M. J., Smith, W. O., Vaillancourt, R., & Zoffoli, L. (2020). A database of ocean primary productivity from the C-14 method. Limnology and Oceanography Letters. https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10175
Kranz, S. A., Wang, S., Kelly, T. B., Stukel, M. R., Goericke, R., Landry, M. R., & Cassar, N. (2020). Lagrangian Studies of Marine Production: A Multimethod Assessment of Productivity Relationships in the California Current Ecosystem Upwelling Region. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 125(6). https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jc015984
Kahru, M., Goericke, R., Kelly, T. B., & Stukel, M. R. (2020). Satellite estimation of carbon export by sinking particles in the California Current calibrated with sediment trap data. Deep-Sea Research Part Ii-Topical Studies in Oceanography, 173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2019.104639
Thompson, A. R., Schroeder, I. D., Bograd, S. J., Hazen, E. L., Jacox, M. G., Leasing, A., Wells, B. K., Largier, J., Fisher, J. L., Jacobson, K. C., Zeman, S. M., Bjorkstedt, E. P., Robertson, R. R., Kahru, M., Goericke, R., Peabody, C. E., Baumgartner, T. R., Lavaniegos, B. E., Miranda, L. E., … Melin, S. R. (2019). State of the California Current 2018-19: A novel anchovy regime and a new marine heat wave? California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports, 60, 1–65.
Kelly, T. B., Davison, P. C., Goericke, R., Landry, M. R., Ohman, M. D., & Stukel, M. R. (2019). The importance of mesozooplankton diel vertical migration for sustaining a mesopelagic food web. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00508
Stukel, M. R., Kelly, T. B., Aluwihare, L. I., Barbeau, K. A., Goericke, R., Krause, J. W., Landry, M. R., & Ohman, M. D. (2019). The Carbon:(234)Thorium ratios of sinking particles in the California current ecosystem 1: relationships with plankton ecosystem dynamics. Marine Chemistry, 212, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2019.01.003
Thompson, A. R., Schroeder, I. D., Bograd, S. J., Hazen, E. L., Jacox, M. G., Leising, A., Wells, B. K., Largier, J. L., Fisher, J. L., Jacobson, K., Zeman, S., Bjorkstedt, E. P., Robertson, R. R., Chavez, F. P., Kahru, M., Goericke, R., McClatchie, S., Peabody, C. E., Baumgartner, T. R., … Melin, S. R. (2018). State of the California Current 2017-18: Still not quite normal in the north and getting interesting in the south. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports, 59, 2–66.
Kelly, T. B., Goericke, R., Kahru, M., Song, H., & Stukel, M. R. (2018). CCE II: Spatial and interannual variability in export efficiency and the biological pump in an eastern boundary current upwelling system with substantial lateral advection. Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers, 140, 14–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2018.08.007
Morrow, R. M., Ohman, M. D., Goericke, R., Kelly, T. B., Stephens, B. M., & Stukel, M. R. (2018). CCE V: Primary production, mesozooplankton grazing, and the biological pump in the California Current Ecosystem: Variability and response to El Nino. Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers, 140, 52–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2018.07.012
Stephens, B. M., Porrachia, M., Dovel, S., Roadman, M., Goericke, R., & Aluwihare, L. I. (2018). Nonsinking Organic Matter Production in the California Current. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 32(9), 1386–1405. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018gb005930
Lindegren, M., Checkley, D. M., Koslow, J. A., Goericke, R., & Ohman, M. D. (2018). Climate-mediated changes in marine ecosystem regulation during El Nino. Global Change Biology, 24(2), 796–809. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13993
Stukel, M. R., Song, H., Goericke, R., & Miller, A. J. (2018). The role of subduction and gravitational sinking in particle export, carbon sequestration, and the remineralization length scale in the California Current Ecosystem. Limnology and Oceanography, 63(1), 363–383. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10636
Nezlin, N. P., McLaughlin, K., Booth, J. A. T., Cash, C. L., Diehl, D. W., Davis, K. A., Feit, A., Goericke, R., Gully, J. R., Howard, M. D. A., Johnson, S., Latker, A., Mengel, M. J., Robertson, G. L., Steele, A., Terriquez, L., Washburn, L., & Weisberg, S. B. (2018). Spatial and temporal patterns of chlorophyll concentration in the Southern California Bight. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 123(1), 231–245. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017jc013324
Wells, B. K., Schroeder, I. D., Bograd, S. J., Hazen, E. L., Jacox, M. G., Leising, A., Mantua, N., Santora, J. A., Fisher, J., Peterson, W. T., Bjorkstedt, E., Robertson, R. R., Chavez, F. P., Goericke, R., Kudela, R., Anderson, C., Lavaniegos, B. E., Gomez-Valdes, J., Brodeur, R. D., … Thayre, B. (2017). State Of The California Current 2016-17: Still Anything But “Normal” In The North. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports, 58, 1–55.
Stukel, M. R., Aluwihare, L. I., Barbeau, K. A., Chekalyuk, A. M., Goericke, R., Miller, A. J., Ohman, M. D., Ruacho, A., Song, H., Stephens, B. M., & Landry, M. R. (2017). Mesoscale ocean fronts enhance carbon export due to gravitational sinking and subduction. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(6), 1252–1257. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1609435114
Lindegren, M., Checkley, D. M., Ohman, M. D., Koslow, J. A., & Goericke, R. (2016). Resilience and stability of a pelagic marine ecosystem. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 283(1822). https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.1931
McClatchie, S., Goericke, R., & +42 authors. (2016). State of the California Current 2015–16: Comparisons with the 1997–98 El Niño. CalCOFI Reports, 57.
Stukel, M. R., Kahru, M., Benitez-Nelson, C. R., Décima, M., Goericke, R., Landry, M. R., & Ohman, M. D. (2015). Using Lagrangian-based process studies to test satellite algorithms of vertical carbon flux in the eastern North Pacific Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 120(11), 7208–7222. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jc011264
Brzezinski, M. A., Krause, J. W., Bundy, R. M., Barbeau, K. A., Franks, P., Goericke, R., Landry, M. R., & Stukel, M. R. (2015). Enhanced silica ballasting from iron stress sustains carbon export in a frontal zone within the California Current. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 120(7), 4654–4669. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jc010829
Bograd, S. J., Buil, M. P., Di Lorenzo, E., Castro, C. G., Schroeder, I. D., Goericke, R., Anderson, C. R., Benitez-Nelson, C., & Whitney, F. A. (2015). Changes in source waters to the Southern California Bight. Deep-Sea Research Part Ii-Topical Studies in Oceanography, 112, 42–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.04.009
Sydeman, W. J., Thompson, S. A., Santora, J. A., Koslow, J. A., Goericke, R., & Ohman, M. D. (2015). Climate-ecosystem change off southern California: Time-dependent seabird predator-prey numerical responses. Deep-Sea Research Part Ii-Topical Studies in Oceanography, 112, 158–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.03.008
Goericke, R., Bograd, S. J., & Grundle, D. S. (2015). Denitrification and flushing of the Santa Barbara Basin bottom waters. Deep-Sea Research Part Ii-Topical Studies in Oceanography, 112, 53–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.07.012
Leising, A. W., Schroeder, I. D., Bograd, S. J., Abell, J., Durazo, R., Gaxiola-Castro, G., Bjorkstedt, E. P., Field, J., Sakuma, K., Robertson, R. R., Goericke, R., Peterson, W. T., Brodeur, R., Barcelo, C., Auth, T. D., Daly, E. A., Suryan, R. M., Gladics, A. J., Porquez, J. M., … Warybok, P. (2015). State of the California Current 2014-15: Impacts of the warm-water “blob.” California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports, 56, 31–68.
McClatchie, S., Duffy-Anderson, J., Field, J. C., Goericke, R., Griffith, D., Hanisko, D. S., Hare, J. A., Lyczkowski-Shultz, J., Peterson, W. T., Watson, W., Weber, E. D., & Zapfe, G. (2014). Long time series in U.S. fisheries oceanography. Oceanography, 27(4), 48–67. https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2014.86
Wang, S. Y., Lambert, W., Giang, S., Goericke, R., & Palenik, B. (2014). Microalgal assemblages in a poikilohaline pond. Journal of Phycology, 50(2), 303–309. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12158
Wells, B. K., Schroeder, I. D., Santora, J. A., Hazen, E. L., Bograd, S. J., Bjorkstedt, E. P., Loeb, V. J., McClatchie, S., Weber, E. D., Watson, W., Thompson, A. R., Peterson, W. T., Brodeur, R. D., Harding, J., Field, J., Sakuma, K., Hayes, S., Mantua, N., Sydeman, W. J., … Abell, J. (2013). State of the California current 2012-13: No such thing as an “average” year. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports, 54, 37–71.
Ohman, M. D., Barbeau, K., Franks, P. J. S., Goericke, R., Landry, M. R., & Miller, A. J. (2013). Ecological transitions in a coastal upwelling ecosystem. Oceanography, 26(3), 210–219.
Munro, D. R., Quay, P. D., Juranek, L. W., & Goericke, R. (2013). Biological production rates off the Southern California coast estimated from triple O-2 isotopes and O-2 : Ar gas ratios. Limnology and Oceanography, 58(4), 1312–1328. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2013.58.4.1312
Anthony Koslow, J., Goericke, R., & Watson, W. (2013). Fish assemblages in the Southern California Current: relationships with climate, 1951–2008. Fisheries Oceanography, 22(3), 207–219. https://doi.org/10.1111/fog.12018
Bjorkstedt, E. P., Goericke, R., McClatchie, S., Weber, E., Watson, W., Lo, N., Peterson, W. T., Brodeur, R. D., Auth, T., Fisher, J., Morgan, C., Peterson, J., Largier, J., Bograd, S. J., Durazo, R., Gaxiola-Castro, G., Lavaniegos, B., Chavez, F. P., Collins, C. A., … Abell, J. (2012). STATE OF THE CALIFORNIA CURRENT 2011-2012: ECOSYSTEMS RESPOND TO LOCAL FORCING AS LA NINA WAVERS AND WANES. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports, 53, 41–76.
Taylor, A. G., Goericke, R., Landry, M. R., Selph, K. E., Wick, D. A., & Roadman, M. J. (2012). Sharp gradients in phytoplankton community structure across a frontal zone in the California Current Ecosystem. Journal of Plankton Research, 34(9), 778–789. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbs036
Samo, T. J., Pedler, B. E., Ball, G. I., Pasulka, A. L., Taylor, A. G., Aluwihare, L. I., Azam, F., Goericke, R., & Landry, M. R. (2012). Microbial distribution and activity across a water mass frontal zone in the California Current Ecosystem. Journal of Plankton Research, 34(9), 802–814. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbs048
Landry, M. R., Ohman, M. D., Goericke, R., Stukel, M. R., Barbeau, K. A., Bundy, R., & Kahru, M. (2012). Pelagic community responses to a deep-water front in the California Current Ecosystem: overview of the A-Front Study. Journal of Plankton Research, 34(9), 739–748. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbs025
Chekalyuk, A. M., Landry, M. R., Goericke, R., Taylor, A. G., & Hafez, M. A. (2012). Laser fluorescence analysis of phytoplankton across a frontal zone in the California Current ecosystem. Journal of Plankton Research, 34(9), 761–777. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbs034
Alin, S. R., Feely, R. A., Dickson, A. G., Hernandez-Ayon, J. M., Juranek, L. W., Ohman, M. D., & Goericke, R. (2012). Robust empirical relationships for estimating the carbonate system in the southern California Current System and application to CalCOFI hydrographic cruise data (2005-2011). Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 117. https://doi.org/10.1029/2011jc007511
Zhang, J., Fleming, J., & Goericke, R. (2012). Fishermen’s perspectives on climate variability. Marine Policy, 36(2), 466–472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2011.06.001
Stukel, M. R., Landry, M. R., Ohman, M. D., Goericke, R., Samo, T., & Benitez-Nelson, C. R. (2012). Do inverse ecosystem models accurately reconstruct plankton trophic flows? Comparing two solution methods using field data from the California Current. Journal of Marine Systems, 91(1), 20–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2011.09.004
Roth, M. S., Goericke, R., & Deheyn, D. D. (2012). Cold induces acute stress but heat is ultimately more deleterious for the reef-building coral Acropora yongei. Scientific Reports, 2. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep00240
Goericke, R. (2011). The size structure of marine phytoplankton - What are the rules? California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports, 52, 198–204.
Goericke, R. (2011). The structure of marine phytoplankton communities - Patterns, rules and mechanisms. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports, 52, 182–197.
Stukel, M. R., Landry, M. R., Benitez-Nelson, C. R., & Goericke, R. (2011). Trophic cycling and carbon export relationships in the California Current Ecosystem. Limnology and Oceanography, 56(5), 1866–1878. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.5.1866
Koslow, J. A., Goericke, R., Lara-Lopez, A., & Watson, W. (2011). Impact of declining intermediate-water oxygen on deepwater fishes in the California Current. Marine Ecology-Progress Series, 436, 207–218. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09270
Bjorkstedt, E. P., Goericke, R., McClatchie, S., Weber, E., Watson, W., Lo, N., Peterson, B., Emmett, B., Peterson, J., Durazo, R., Gaxiola-Castro, G., Chavez, F., Pennington, J. T., Collins, C. A., Field, J., Ralston, S., Sakuma, K., Bograd, S. J., Schwing, F. B., … Munger, L. M. (2010). State of the California Current 2009-2010: Regional variation persists through transition from La Nina to El Nino (and back?). California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports, 51, 39–69.